With the development of socio-economic and lifestyle changes, cardiovascular diseases based on atherosclerosis have become the number one killer threatening human health and the first cause of death. Especially, middle-aged and old people are the best to suffer from the disease. Its high mortality and disability rates have brought huge health and economic losses to patients, families and society. However, although this disease has serious consequences, it is preventable, treatable and not terrible. As long as the risk factors are prevented and controlled, the incidence of the disease can be greatly reduced and the risk of death and disability can be reduced. Among these risk factors, dyslipidemia (formerly known as hyperlipidemia) is closely related to atherosclerosis and plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, and is the culprit of atherosclerotic heart, brain and peripheral vascular diseases. According to statistics, the prevalence of dyslipidemia among adults in China is 18.6%, and there are about 160 million patients nationwide. The prevalence may be higher in economically developed areas such as Beijing and big cities, and it is a common disease among middle-aged and elderly people. In a certain sense, dyslipidemia is a lifestyle disease, and its pathogenesis is not only related to congenital genes, but also plays a significant role in diet and lifestyle. In recent years, the incidence of dyslipidemia has increased significantly, which is closely related to the improvement of people’s material living standard and the relative lag of science education, so that people do not have a reasonable diet and scientific lifestyle. Medical workers are responsible for the related medical science education. Therefore, in the treatment strategy of dyslipidemia, the improvement of lifestyle is the first choice, the foundation and the treatment means that must be carried out throughout. And it is also the most affordable option in terms of social and patient economic factors. However, the reality is that this aspect is neglected by some medical professionals and even less appreciated by some patients. We can often see such a scenario in the clinic: when facing a patient with dyslipidemia, the doctor reads the laboratory test and finishes the prescription before saying a few words; there are many patients who think that the cure for the disease is to take medicine, and feel that it is irrelevant to the doctor’s instructions and requirements, and even consider it superfluous and burdensome, and are unwilling to change the lifestyle they have been accustomed to in the past, and think that as long as they take medicine, they are treated. In fact, this is the biggest misconception. In fact, this is the biggest misunderstanding, which is very unfavorable for regulating blood lipids and preventing atherosclerotic diseases. So what kind of therapeutic lifestyle changes should be taken when you are tested for dyslipidemia? In a nutshell, it is to reduce intake, increase consumption and take other things into account. Specifically, the following aspects: 1. Limit the intake of food cholesterol: excessive cholesterol is the culprit of atherosclerosis, and the deposition of oxidatively modified LDL cholesterol in the arterial intima is an important factor in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and the destabilization of plaques. Therefore, lowering LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol is the key to prevent and treat atherosclerosis. Although not all cholesterol in the body comes from food, limiting cholesterol intake is necessary to reduce hypercholesterolemia. Foods rich in cholesterol are egg yolks, crab yolks and various animal offal, which should be eaten sparingly. For example, one egg yolk contains about 200 to 300mg of cholesterol, which is the maximum daily cholesterol intake. 2, limit the intake of fat: edible fat includes animal fat and vegetable fat, the former mainly contains saturated fatty acids, excessive intake can raise cholesterol, should be strictly limited so that it does not exceed 7% of the total daily calories. Although the latter is unsaturated fatty acids, it should also be appropriately limited to no more than 20-25g per day because it provides higher calories. All fat calories should not exceed 30% of the total calorie intake. Advocate scientific cooking methods, dishes mainly steamed, boiled and cold, stir-fry with less oil, try not to fry or deep-fry food, and eat less margarine food. 3.Limit the total calorie intake and control weight: If the total calorie intake per day is not limited, even if the fat intake is small, the excess energy in the body can be converted into fat. Therefore, in addition to limiting fat, carbohydrates, which provide calories, should also be appropriately limited, that is, the daily staple food should be controlled, so that each meal is not full, and more coarse grains (such as whole wheat flour, etc.), mixed grains (such as beans and noodles, etc.) and fresh green leafy vegetables, which are rich in dietary fiber and vitamins and low in calories, should be eaten. If the dyslipidemia is combined with or secondary to diabetes, its staple food control is even more important. 4, quit smoking and limit alcohol: smoking can inhibit the activity of lipoprotein lipase (an important enzyme involved in lipoprotein metabolism in the body), causing triglycerides to rise and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to fall. It can also destroy the function of endothelial cells and cause arterial spasm, etc. Therefore, for patients with dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis are very harmful and must quit smoking. And moderate drinking, especially wine, for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis may be beneficial, so if there is no serious fatty liver and diabetes and other conditions, it is not necessary to quit drinking, but not alcohol, to limit the amount of alcohol, to no more than 100g of wine per day is appropriate. 5, choose appropriate physical exercise: physical activity can consume the body’s calories and fat, reduce triglycerides, and raise HDL cholesterol. Especially for overweight and obese people, in addition to diet control, physical exercise is an effective weight loss measure. Centripetal obesity characterized by increased waist circumference, increased visceral fat, prone to insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, and many patients with dyslipidemia combined with fatty liver, should moreover achieve the effect of fat consumption and weight reduction through physical exercise. According to the characteristics of Oriental Asians, the general requirement in China is to control the body mass index (BMI) below 25; waist circumference: men <90cm, women <80cm; waist-hip ratio: men <1, women <0.8. The way of physical exercise is recommended to use low and medium intensity rhythmic, repetitive aerobic exercise, such as walking, swimming, cycling, tai chi or gymnastics, such as walking 30 minutes a day, the distance is 3 km. minutes a day for a distance of 3 kilometers. However, for elderly people with degenerative osteoarthropathy, it is not advisable to walk too much, especially not to climb mountains, etc., so as not to aggravate the damage to the lower limb bones and joints. If combined with atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the lower extremities, walking exercise is conducive to promoting the establishment of collateral circulation, and should be advocated. If the above therapeutic lifestyle changes are actually achieved, LDL cholesterol can be reduced by about 20-30%, which is still a considerable effect. Therefore, for those with low to moderate cardiovascular risk, these therapeutic lifestyle changes can be taken for 3-6 months before drug treatment, and may have a better effect on lipid regulation. Even for patients who need to take lipid-regulating medication, these therapeutic lifestyle changes are essential basic treatment measures and should be continued throughout. As long as people with dyslipidemia persist for a long time, they will benefit for life. So finally, I would like to give you a piece of advice: keep your mouth shut, keep your legs open, and make the most of your life.