The etiology of peripheral neuropathies is varied and can be either congenital or genetic neuropathies or, more commonly, acquired peripheral neuropathies. A few patients, such as hereditary compression-susceptible peripheral neuropathy, have both genetic factors as the basis of the lesion and acquired compression factors as the causative factor. Acquired peripheral neuropathies include infectious, immune-mediated, toxic, and metabolic causes, which can be referred to the corresponding peripheral neuropathy classification sections. They will not be described here. Peripheral neuropathies have different forms of onset. Traumatic or ischemic neuropathies have a rapid onset, with symptoms peaking as soon as they start; inflammatory or certain metabolic diseases present a subacute course, with the disease peaking in a few days or weeks, such as acute onset of limb weakness, and peripheral neuropathies with predominantly motor nerve palsy are commonly seen in Guillain-Barré syndrome; most toxic or metabolic neuropathies remain progressive for weeks or months, such as paraneoplastic, diabetic, and metabolic neuropathies. such as paraneoplastic, diabetic, and metabolic factors; a course of several years is most often seen in hereditary neuropathies or chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathies. The patient’s signs and symptoms may not only confirm the presence of peripheral neuropathy, but may also indicate the type of nerve damaged. Ischemic neuropathy pain is often the main clinical symptom. Small fiber neuropathy often presents with burning, lightning, knife-like pain or other sensory abnormalities. Patients often exhibit excessive pain in response to certain painless stimuli such as sheets covering both feet. Patients also frequently complain of a band-like or tightening sensation in the wrist or ankle joint. Distal symmetric axonal neuropathy often begins at the toe and progresses to the proximal end, resembling a glove or garter-like distribution; motor deficits often manifest as weakness in the distal extremities such as easy tripping and poor grip strength in both hands. In contrast, polyneuropathy is characterized by abnormal sensation in one or several innervated areas.