Cardiovascular disease is a common complication of chronic kidney disease and the first cause of death in chronic kidney disease progressing to the uremic stage. Some studies have shown that the mortality rate of cardiovascular disease in uremic dialysis patients is 20 times higher than that of the general population, and the mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease is more than 10 times higher than that of the general population. Cardiovascular complications of chronic kidney disease include atherosclerosis, hypertension, pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac insufficiency. The main causes of cardiovascular complications are metabolic abnormalities in the development of chronic kidney disease itself, underlying lesions of the cardiovascular system, and concomitant conditions of renal replacement therapy. Atherosclerosis is an important manifestation of cardiovascular system disease in patients with chronic kidney disease and is positively associated with the incidence of coronary heart disease and stroke. The specific causes are the following: 1, mechanical factors: such as hypertension and shear force changes, resulting in increased tension of the vessel wall, migration of macrophages to the intima, vascular ischemia and hemorrhage. 2, metabolic and humoral factors: such as disorders of fat metabolism and glucose metabolism, homocysteinemia, smoking, etc. Atherosclerosis can cause remodeling of arterial structures, such as diffuse dilatation, hypertrophy and stiffness of small and large arteries, on the other hand, it can cause changes in cardiac structures and insufficient blood supply to the myocardium, such as left ventricular hypertrophy and decreased blood flow to the subendocardial myocardium. Therefore, patients with chronic kidney disease should pay close attention to the occurrence and development of their cardiovascular complications, and patients with cardiovascular disease accompanied by chronic kidney disease should also pay close attention to the changes in their renal function or the diagnosis and treatment of underlying renal disease.