Hemolytic anemia (hemolyticanemia) is a type of anemia that occurs when red blood cell destruction is accelerated and bone marrow hematopoiesis is insufficiently compensated. If the bone marrow is able to increase erythropoiesis enough to compensate for the shortened survival of red blood cells, anemia does not occur, and this state is called compensatory hemolytic disease. “Hemolytic anemia”, anemia caused by excessive destruction of red blood cells, but less common; often accompanied by jaundice, called “hemolytic jaundice”. In addition to the urgency of onset, the main symptoms and the course of the disease should also focus on the idea of self-examination of the following items: 1, regional. Emphasis on family origin, such as thalassemia is mostly found in Guangdong, Guangxi and Zhejiang and other coastal areas. 2, family history. If there is anemia, jaundice, or splenomegaly in close relatives, there is a possibility of congenital hemolytic anemia. 3.History of drug exposure. Drugs can induce immune hemolytic anemia, oxidative drugs can make unstable hemoglobinopathy and G6PD deficiency hemolysis. 4.History of primary disease causing hemolytic anemia. For example, lymphoma can be accompanied by immune hemolytic anemia. 5.Triggering factors. Such as overwork, cold stimulation and serving fava beans. Treatment Hemolytic anemia is a class of diseases of different nature, and its treatment cannot be generalized. General principles of treatment 1, etiological treatment Removal of causes and triggers is extremely important. For example, cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia should pay attention to prevent cold and keep warm; patients with fava bean disease should avoid eating fava beans and drugs with oxidative properties; hemolysis caused by drugs should be discontinued immediately; hemolysis caused by infection should be given active anti-infective treatment; secondary to other diseases, should be actively treated for the primary disease. 2, glucocorticoids and other immunosuppressive agents, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, neonatal isoimmune hemolytic disease, paroxysmal sleep hemoglobinuria, etc., daily prednisone 40-60mg, divided oral, or hydrocortisone 200-300mg per day, IV, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia available cyclophosphamide, If autoimmune hemolytic anemia, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine or danazol can be used. 3, splenectomy ① hereditary spherocytosis splenectomy has a good effect ② autoimmune hemolytic anemia application of glucocorticoid therapy is ineffective, can consider splenectomy ③ thalassemia with hypersplenism, close for splenectomy ④ other hemolytic anemia, such as pyruvate kinase deficiency, unstable hemoglobinopathies, etc., can also be considered as a splenectomy, but the effect is not certain. 4, blood transfusion: when anemia is obvious, blood transfusion is one of the main therapies. However, in some cases of hemolysis, it has certain dangers, for example, hemolytic reaction can occur in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hemolysis can be induced in patients with PNH, and large amount of transfusion can inhibit the hematopoietic function of bone marrow, so blood transfusion should be as little as possible. If transfusion is necessary, it is better to transfuse only red blood cells or red blood cells washed three times with saline. In general, if hemolysis can be controlled, the anemia can be corrected by its own hematopoietic function. 5.Others: for those with folic acid deficiency, oral folic acid preparations should be taken, and iron should be supplemented if long-term hemoglobinuria and iron deficiency are manifested. However, PNH patients should be cautious when supplementing iron, because iron can induce acute hemolysis in PNH patients.