For patient safety reasons, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatment is generally divided into the following five steps: First, patients with urinary stones undergo relevant imaging examinations (ultrasound, abdominal plain film, urography and CT if necessary) under the guidance of an outpatient urologist to clarify the number, size, location and renal function of the stones and to make a preliminary assessment of whether shock wave lithotripsy can be performed. In the second step, patients who pass the initial assessment undergo laboratory tests (blood, urine and coagulation tests, ECG and renal function if necessary) to determine whether the patient is physically fit to receive extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy; in the third step, the lithotripsy room staff and patients who pass the first two steps agree on a specific date for lithotripsy and are informed of the precautions to be taken before lithotripsy; in the fourth step, the patient and the lithotripsy staff are fully prepared for lithotripsy. In the fourth step, the patient and the health care provider complete the lithotripsy treatment in a well-prepared and cooperative manner. In the fifth step, after lithotripsy, the patient should undergo regular review (half month, one month, three months, six months), during which stone composition analysis should be performed if stones are discharged, and the diet should be adjusted according to the stone composition to reduce the recurrence rate of stones.