Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a viral whistle blower disease caused by a novel coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012. Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that cause morbidity in humans and animals, often causing a wide range of illnesses in humans from the common cold to severe acute whistle syndrome (SARS). The virus is similar to the SARS virus Middle East Whistle Syndrome (MWS) is an acute, severe inhalation illness caused by a novel coronavirus infection, which is similar to the SARS virus that ravaged China in 2003, both of which are coronaviruses. Of particular concern is the high mortality rate of 40% caused by the disease. There is no vaccine or drug treatment available for this disease. Figure: Difference between MERS virus and SARS in 2003 Both of his family members were diagnosed, and that’s when he should not have come out. The disease, while not having absolute evidence of ongoing human-to-human transmission like SARS, its transmission has been confirmed among relatives. Samples have been sent to the NCDC for testing, but from the tests in Guangdong, he can be tentatively considered to have Middle East Whistle Syndrome. Although the diagnosis has not been confirmed, a high level of vigilance is needed. According to Xinhua, since the second half of 2012, Saudi Arabia first began to sporadically appear patients suffering from acute whistle syndrome with renal failure, the pathogen testing showed that these patients are infected with a new virus. It is the same coronavirus as the well-known SARS virus, but of a different type and less contagious than SARS. What are the symptoms? Typical cases often present with symptoms such as fever, cough and shortness of breath, and pneumonia manifestations are often found on examination. Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea, have also been reported. Severe cases can lead to whistle failure and require mechanical ventilation and supportive therapy in the intensive care unit. Organ failure, especially renal failure and infectious shock, may occur in some cases. The morbidity and mortality rate is approximately 27%. The virus appears to cause more severe disease in immunocompromised populations, in the elderly and in those with chronic conditions such as diabetes, cancer and chronic lung disease. Does infection with the virus cause illness? Some people who are infected with the virus do not develop symptoms. They are identified because the Middle East Whistle Syndrome coronavirus was detected in a follow-up study of people in close contact with the infection. How do humans become infected with the virus? It is not known exactly how humans become infected with the virus. In some cases, the virus appears to be transmitted through close contact. This is often seen in family members, patients, and health care workers. Recently, there has been an increase in reports of infections among health care workers. No possible source of infection has been found in some community cases. It is possible that they were infected by exposure to animals, people, or other sources of infection. Is human-to-human transmission possible? Yes, but only to a limited extent. The virus does not seem to spread easily from person to person unless there is close contact, such as unprotected patient care. Interpersonal transmission is easier in clustered cases within hospitals, especially when infection prevention and control measures are inadequate. To date, there is no evidence of sustained intra-community transmission. Are health care workers at risk of infection? Yes. Transmission has occurred within hospitals in some countries, including from cases to health care workers. Because it is not always possible to detect cases of MERS in the early stages of the disease or without testing, because the symptoms and other clinical manifestations of the disease are not specific, it is important for health care workers to ensure that standard precautions are always taken when treating all patients. When treating patients with symptoms of acute whistle infection, droplet protection should be used in addition to standard protective measures. When treating suspected or confirmed MERS cases, additional contact precautions and eye protection should be taken. Airborne precautions are also required when performing aerosol-producing operations. What is the source of infection of the virus? The full source of infection is not fully known. However, strains of the virus matching human strains have been isolated from camels in Egypt, Qatar and Saudi Arabia. Many studies have identified antibodies to the virus in camels in Africa and the Middle East. Viral gene sequence data from humans and camels suggest a close association between the two. There may be other hosts as well. Is there a vaccine to prevent it? There is no available vaccine or specific treatment. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. How can I protect myself? Because there is no specific treatment or vaccine for Middle East Whistle Syndrome, it is critical to understand the basics of the disease and take precautions. Especially to the Middle East countries (including Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Jordan, Yemen, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Iraq, etc.) or to the recent outbreak of countries (such as South Korea) travel, business, labor export, Hajj public should do the following 6 points: 1, should maintain good personal hygiene habits and environmental sanitation; do hand washing, avoid touching the eyes, nose or mouth directly with your hands; try to avoid Close contact with people with symptoms of whistle infection (such as fever, cough, runny nose, etc.); it is recommended to wear a mask when going out as much as possible; try to avoid staying in crowded places for a long time. 2. During travel, attention should be paid to maintaining a balanced diet, adequate rest, good physical condition, and avoiding overexertion; pay attention to dietary hygiene; keep the air circulating indoors or in transportation when living or traveling. Older people and people with underlying diseases should pay particular attention to their own health. 3.Avoid going to animal breeding, slaughtering, raw meat products trading places and wild animal habitats; avoid direct contact with animals and animal excrement. 4.When symptoms of whistling infection appear, you should seek medical attention promptly. Avoid close contact with other people during illness; wear a mask when in close contact with others; cover your mouth and nose with tissues and towels when coughing or sneezing, and dispose of contaminated tissues properly; wash your hands thoroughly after sneezing, coughing or cleaning your nose. 5, at the time of entry with fever, cough, shortness of breath, difficulty in breathing and other acute whistling symptoms of the personnel, should take the initiative to the entry-exit inspection and quarantine agencies to declare the disease, and cooperate with the health and quarantine departments to carry out investigations and corresponding medical examination. 6, within 14 days of returning to the country, if the symptoms of acute whistling infection, should promptly seek medical attention, should wear a mask and avoid taking public transport to the hospital. Take the initiative to inform the health care provider of the recent travel history and local exposure history in order to get timely diagnosis and treatment.