The goal of treatment for chronic hepatitis B is to maximize long-term suppression or elimination of hepatitis B virus, reduce inflammatory necrosis and liver fibrosis, delay and stop disease progression, reduce and prevent liver decompensation, cirrhosis, liver cancer and their complications, thus improving quality of life and prolonging survival time. Currently, the effective antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B consists of two major classes of drugs, namely interferons and nucleoside analogues. Interferon has both immunomodulatory and antiviral effects, on the one hand by enhancing the body’s immune system to clear the virus, and on the other hand by producing antiviral proteins to clear the virus, and currently there are common interferon and long-acting interferon available. The nucleoside analogues, on the other hand, inhibit the reproduction of the virus by blocking a certain part of the hepatitis B virus replication process, and the drugs include lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, etc. Generally young patients (age less than 30 years), female patients, and patients with recent fertility requirements are recommended to first choose antiviral therapy with interferon to achieve certain therapeutic effect through a limited course of treatment.