The first is a tumor, the second is a hematoma, and the third is an inflammatory granuloma. Tumors are divided into intramedullary, extramedullary subdural, and extradural spinal cord tumors. These tumors are generally benign, such as spinal meningiomas and nerve sheath tumors, which are benign and can be completely removed and treated. Some intramedullary tumors, such as lipomas and astrocytomas, are prone to recurrence. Therefore, some epidural tumors are metastatic and may also appear malignant. The second major type of hematoma is a vascular malformation that has bled and can compress the spinal cord or form an occupying lesion. There are some traumatic hemorrhages that can also compress the spinal cord and form an occupying lesion. The third category is inflammatory granulomas, such as tuberculous granulomas or abscesses in the spinal canal, which can form compressive lesions and cause compression of the spinal cord.