Premature branching of the renal artery is a congenital developmental abnormality. Generally speaking, as long as it does not cause hypertension and has no effect on renal function, it does not need to be handled and can be reviewed regularly. If it causes high blood pressure or impaired renal function, it needs to be treated, usually with surgical intervention. In normal people, both the right and left renal arteries emanate from the abdominal aorta, transverse to both sides behind and above the renal veins, and enter the kidneys through the renal hilum. The renal artery enters the renal sinus in two branches: the posterior branch passes behind the renal pelvis and supplies the posterior segment of the kidney; the anterior branch travels between the renal pelvis and the renal vein, branching out to supply the upper, middle and lower segments of the kidney. Early branching of the renal artery mainly refers to the branching of the renal artery before the normal branching, which belongs to the congenital malformation and is caused by abnormal development. Generally speaking, it has no effect on the organism. However, if the early branching of the vessel causes high blood pressure or affects the blood supply to the kidneys leading to impaired renal function, it needs to be dealt with, usually with surgical intervention. It should be noted that if you are preparing for kidney-related surgery, such as kidney transplantation, premature branching of the renal arteries will have a greater impact on the surgical pathway, so you must consult your doctor in a timely manner and choose the most appropriate surgical pathway under the guidance of your doctor.