I. Colonic transmission function test Marker transmission test without X-ray This method is used to determine the colonic transmission time, which has the advantages of simple operation, non-invasive, repeatable, and does not require high objective conditions, and can be carried out in hospitals at all levels. It includes a single oral, multiple film method and a split oral, single film method. The test results can be normal, restricted to a certain segment of the colon with delay, and whole colon with delay in 3 cases. In the normal population, the colonic transmission time generally does not exceed 72 h, but before the experiment, Zhu Xinyong of the Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital should give the patient a high-fiber diet without enemas or laxatives and drugs that can affect intestinal motility. In general, more than 20% of the marker remains in the body after 120h of administration of the marker, which means there is a delay. Scintillation scan transmission test Tc99 labeled particles can be used to detect the transmission time from the stomach to the small intestine, while In111 can detect the transmission time from the ileum to the rectum, the two together can understand the transmission time of the entire gastrointestinal tract, but also to understand the transmission of a section of the intestinal canal. The disadvantage is that the operation is more complicated, the objective operating conditions are more demanding, and the two elements are radioactive, requiring certain equipment and conditions to carry out. The pelvic floor physiological examinations include anorectal manometry, anal resting pressure (the pressure measured in the usual resting state of the internal sphincter), systolic pressure (the pressure when the external sphincter is maximally contracted), anorectal inhibition reflex (the relaxation of the internal anal sphincter when a balloon is placed in the rectum for dilation) and rectal compliance examination. An elevated anal canal resting pressure often indicates an uncoordinated contraction of the anal sphincter or the presence of an anal fissure. IV. Defecography This test allows observation of the anatomical structure of the anal canal at rest and in defecation and can detect occult internal rectal prolapse, anterior rectal protrusion, sigmoid bulge, and prepubic muscle syndrome.