If you are a patient with cerebrovascular disease, you surely harbor a dream – to be cured of your disease and to be spared the pain of open surgery at the same time. The expert professors of the Department of Neurosurgery of Chujiang Hospital have made this dream come true for more than 4,000 patients in more than 20 years of medical practice! Neurointerventional radiology is an emerging fringe discipline across multiple disciplines such as neurology, surgery, and clinical radiology. Our department started to use this new technology to treat patients with cerebrovascular diseases more than twenty years ago. The development and clinical application of neurointerventional neuroradiology has made fundamental progress in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases, especially cerebrovascular diseases, and many difficult and incurable diseases in the past have been clearly diagnosed and properly treated, creating good conditions for surgery, which in many cases can replace surgery and save patients from the pain of surgery. Therefore, neurosurgery is recognized as one of the frontiers in the development of neurosurgery, which has promoted the development of neurosurgery and clinical radiology. Neurointerventional radiology uses intravascular embolization to treat cerebrovascular diseases, which has become the preferred method for treating cerebrovascular diseases because of its minimal trauma, good efficacy, and the ability to solve problems that cannot be solved by open surgery. Intracranial aneurysm – subarachnoid hemorrhage An intracranial aneurysm is a cystic dilatation of the wall of an intracranial vessel, and its most prominent clinical manifestation is spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. This disease is life-threatening because it tends to cause rebleeding and therefore must receive surgical treatment. There are two types of surgical treatment: surgical treatment and neurointerventional radioendovascular treatment. While craniotomy is effective, it is risky, traumatic, and damaging to brain tissue, endovascular embolization has become the preferred treatment for intracranial aneurysms because it is minimally invasive, effective, and can solve problems that cannot be solved by craniotomy. Cerebral arteriovenous malformation – the root cause of cerebral hemorrhage, epilepsy and headache Arteriovenous malformation (CAVM) is a congenital disorder formed when the development of cerebral blood vessels is obstructed during the third or fourth week of embryonic life, and the arterioles and veins pass directly to each other. The main clinical manifestations of CAVM include: intracranial hemorrhage, epilepsy, headache, and progressive limb dysfunction. The current treatment of cerebral AVM includes traditional craniotomy of malformed masses, intravascular embolization, gamma-knife radiation therapy, etc. However, some AVMs are only suitable for intravascular embolization: (1) The lesions are deep and extensive, which are not suitable for direct surgery. (2) The lesion is located in important functional areas, such as brainstem, basal ganglia and precentral gyrus, etc. (3) AVM or AVF (arteriovenous fistula) with high blood flow and severe blood theft. (4) Terminal type AVM with fewer blood supplying arteries and smaller malformed masses, which is expected to be completely cured by endovascular embolization alone. (5) Giant AVMs should be treated with endovascular embolization first to reduce the size of the lesion in preparation for stereotactic radiation therapy. (6) High-flow AVMs are treated with endovascular embolization first, followed by craniotomy to remove the lesion, which can significantly reduce intraoperative bleeding and improve the success rate of surgery. Internal carotid cavernous sinus fistula – proptosis, intracranial vascular murmur, visual impairment Internal carotid cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is a communication between the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus, mostly caused by head trauma skull base fracture. The main clinical manifestations are: (1) intracranial rumble-like vascular murmur, which seriously affects work and life and may cause fear in patients; (2) pulsating proptosis, bulbar conjunctival congestion, edema and even hemorrhage; (3) ocular nerve palsy, eye fixation and vision loss or even blindness. Currently, interventional neuroradiology has become the treatment of choice for CCF.