Anorectal diseases are one of the most common and highly prevalent diseases in the human body, and the term “hemorrhoids” in the common saying “nine out of ten hemorrhoids” refers to anorectal diseases in general. As the exit of the digestive tract, the anorectum is an organ that has an important task in the human organism and is easily damaged due to various factors. Use the health care knowledge you have to prevent the disease from worsening and treat it correctly in time, so as to minimize pain and improve the quality of life.
Common anorectal diseases include internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoids, anal fissures, perianal abscesses, anal fistulas, constipation, anal proctitis, etc. Among them, the incidence of hemorrhoids is the highest, accounting for about 70% of all anorectal diseases, so knowledge of preventive health care for hemorrhoids is particularly important. As the basic theoretical research continues to advance, the understanding of hemorrhoids is also improving. In recent years, the anorectal community has basically reached a consensus that “hemorrhoids” are the product of pathological hypertrophy of the normal anal cushion tissues of the human body, in other words, “hemorrhoids” are common to everyone, and only when they are painful, bleeding, prolapsed, swollen and other symptoms can The concept of treatment has also evolved from the earlier years of promoting surgery to the current treatment principle of focusing on treating symptoms and improving them, and choosing surgery carefully when necessary. From these changes, it is easy to see that preventive care and conservative treatment of anal diseases occupy an increasingly important position in the whole process of treatment of anal diseases.
So how to effectively prevent the occurrence of common anorectal diseases?
Nowadays, people can easily obtain too much health care knowledge from various channels, and even many people will summarize some personalized health care knowledge that is only suitable for themselves and share it with everyone, which will make people unable to choose when they really need some professional preventive health care knowledge, or even misuse it and mislead their condition. Combined with years of clinical experience, I believe that the prevention and health care of common anal diseases can be done in the following aspects in a relatively simple way.
First, we must establish good dietary habits and bowel habits. Many anal diseases, especially hemorrhoids, are caused by poor bowel habits, long-term constipation or bowel elimination is not cool and often struggle the anus, or often diarrhea, too much stool easy to cause mechanical damage to the anus and occur hemorrhoids, anal fissures and other diseases; often eat some spicy and fatty products lead to the accumulation of moisture and heat in the body, prone to perianal abscess, anal canalitis, anal sinusitis and other diseases. If the diet and good bowel habits can effectively prevent the occurrence of these diseases. And good defecation habits must be based on good dietary habits, we try to maintain a scientific and reasonable dietary structure at the same time, appropriate to eat more celery, leeks and other foods containing high fiber, drink more water, if necessary, with some conducive to laxative food, such as honey, bananas, sesame, etc., but also with some corn, yams and other coarse grains and cereals, can effectively prevent the occurrence of constipation If the effect of diet is not satisfactory, you can also cooperate with some laxative drugs to keep the stool smooth. A good lifestyle also includes avoiding prolonged sitting, standing, squatting, and prolonged heavy labor, which can also effectively prevent the occurrence of symptoms such as prolapsed, swollen, and bleeding hemorrhoids. In addition, disease from the mouth, strict dietary hygiene, prevention and control of diarrhea, can also effectively reduce the incidence of anal fissures, thrombosed hemorrhoids, anal eczema and other diseases.
Secondly, it is important to keep the local cleanliness around the anus. Many anal diseases are related to anal cleanliness and hygiene. There are a variety of pathogenic bacteria hidden in the folds of the perianal skin and anal canal skin in the anal area after the stool, which can cause infection and secondary diseases such as anal fissure, perianal abscess, anal sinusitis, anal canalitis and anal eczema if not cleaned in time. We’d better get into the habit of regular bowel movements, cleaning in time after the bowel movement, if we can do regular daily sitz baths with warm water, with finger massage of the anus, to promote blood circulation around the anus, and then do some anal lifting exercises as appropriate, can greatly reduce the occurrence of hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal fistula and other diseases.
Another very important point is that when some diseases occur in our anorectum and some minor symptoms appear, we must go to the specialist in time to diagnose correctly and take effective measures in time to prevent further aggravation of the disease or even delay the disease. Most anorectal diseases generally have a pathogenesis, like thrombosed external hemorrhoids, anal fissures and other initial symptoms are not serious, if the correct treatment measures are taken in time, most patients can avoid the pain of surgery. However, many patients only go to the hospital when symptoms such as pus and blood stool appear, and the result is often late stage cancer. In addition, the specialty of anorectology is more prominent than other specialties. Many patients often think of all perianal diseases as hemorrhoids, which are easy to ignore, but in fact there are more than a dozen common diseases around the anus, in addition to hemorrhoids, and some of their pathogenic mechanisms and treatment methods are very different, so only a specialist can make an accurate and timely diagnosis and treat the disease correctly.
For some patients with a long history of anorectal diseases, specialist surgery is a better treatment method, which can not only solve the problems that are difficult to solve with conservative treatment, but also solve the anorectal diseases at the same time, and most of the anorectal surgeries performed by specialists will preserve and repair the anal function to the maximum extent. For example, in the case of anal fissure surgery, the specialist will remove the fissure tissue and at the same time perform the corresponding anal release and anal dilatation according to the patient’s different degrees of anal spasm and stenosis, after which the patient’s anal sphincter function, anal canal elasticity and anal caliber will be greatly improved than before the surgery, which is precisely an important part of the patient’s prevention of other anorectal diseases in the future. The Department of Anorectal Medicine of Liuan City Hospital is the only municipal key specialist in anorectal medicine in our city, equipped with senior anorectal specialists, which operates year-round specialized clinics for hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal fistulas, anal abscesses, constipation, ulcerative colitis, etc. It treats internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoids, circular mixed hemorrhoids, anal fissures, anal abscesses, anal fistulas, high complex anal fistulas, anal papillomas, rectal polyps, anal acromegaly, intractable constipation We hope to use our professional advantages to better provide more professional medical care services for patients with anorectal diseases in the Lu’an area. We hope to use our professional advantages to better provide more professional medical care services for patients with anorectal diseases in the Lu’an area, so that patients can take fewer detours in the process of disease treatment and be more professional and effective in their usual self-preventive care. “Let’s work together to do a good job of preventive health care and avoid anal diseases.
As the saying goes, “nine out of ten people have hemorrhoids”, which symbolizes the multiplicity and commonness of anorectal diseases, and also reflects the difficulty and complexity of anorectal diseases. The special route of drug delivery, traditional and professional treatment methods also bring mystery and confusion to people, because the special location of the disease often makes patients feel painful but difficult to talk about. Due to the general lack of knowledge about anorectal diseases, patients may suffer from delayed or indiscriminate treatment, thus losing the best time for treatment, and in some cases, causing serious consequences that affect the physiological function of the anus. In view of this, we hold this activity, hoping to bring some help for the majority of patients and friends to relieve their diseases as soon as possible.
What diseases should be treated in anorectal department
The Department of Anorectal Medicine is generally called the Department of Hemorrhoids and Fistulas in Chinese hospitals, so what diseases should be treated in the Department of Anorectal Medicine, or what range of diseases does the Department of Anorectal Medicine refer to? Anorectal diseases refer to all diseases occurring in the anus, rectum, colon and even the ileocecal region, including internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoids, anal fissure, anal papillomegaly, anal fistula, anal sinusitis, anal papillitis, rectal prolapse, anal canal and rectal abscess, anal itching, anal warts, various congenital anorectal malformations, proctitis, ulcerative colitis, colorectal Crohn’s disease, amoebic colitis, allergic enteritis, intestinal polyps, colonic hemangioma, lipoma, rectal cancer, anal canal cancer, habitual constipation due to colonic dysfunction, colonic irritation syndrome, etc. are all diagnosed and treated in the scope of anorectal medicine.
What are the symptoms of anorectal diseases?
Many patients do not know the symptoms of anorectal diseases, so they do not know which department to register in the hospital after they get sick, which delays the treatment and increases their costs. Common symptoms of anorectal diseases include pain in the anus, blood in the stool, anal prolapsed mass, protruding mass in the anus, foreign body sensation in the anorectum, anal distention, falling, itching at the anus, increased discharge, diarrhea, constipation, pus stool and mucous blood stool, difficulty in defecation, change in stool appearance, fever and chills, bloating, anemia, and wasting. Many symptoms are found in other diseases and require careful clinical questioning, careful observation, and careful differentiation.
What are hemorrhoids? What are the risks of hemorrhoids?
The enlarged varicose veins in the mucosa of the lower rectum, anal canal, or subcutaneously at the anal verge are called hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are clinically common, and as the saying goes, “nine out of ten people have hemorrhoids”. The main symptoms of hemorrhoids are blood in the stool, pain, prolapse, increased local discharge and difficulty in defecation.
The main symptoms of hemorrhoids are blood in the stool and prolapse, and repeated bleeding in the stool can cause the body to lose a lot of iron and cause iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia caused by hemorrhoids can be asymptomatic or mild in the early stages, and when the anemia is more severe or progresses faster, symptoms such as pallor, lethargy, loss of appetite, palpitations, swelling, accelerated heart rhythm and shortness of breath after physical activity can occur. Some patients can develop neurological symptoms such as agitation, excitement, and irritability. Another major symptom of hemorrhoids is the prolapse of internal hemorrhoids. When the nucleus of the hemorrhoid is prolapsed and cannot be returned, it is called an embedded hemorrhoid, and prolonged embeddedness can lead to pathological changes such as necrosis and infection. In conclusion, hemorrhoids have many harmful effects on the human body, but with early treatment and proper management, all of these serious conditions can be avoided.
What is an anal fissure? What foods should I eat if I have an anal fissure?
Anal fissure is a common condition in which the skin of the anal canal below the dentate line breaks down to form a pyknotic fissure or ulcer. It occurs in young adults, but can also occur in children and less frequently in the elderly. Anal fissures often occur in the posterior and anterior mid-anus, mostly in the posterior part of the anus and less frequently in the sides. The disease is characterized by spasm of the anal sphincter, anal pain or blood in the stool, and irritation and infection, which makes the fissure persist for a long time.
Patients with anal fissures should eat more fruits and vegetables containing fiber and vitamins to prevent constipation, such as apples, peaches, apricots, pears, bananas, celery and spinach. Also sesame seeds, honey, vegetable oil, and pecan nuts can laxify the bowels. Patients with anal fissures should avoid or eat less stimulating diet, such as white wine, yellow wine, chili, ginger, garlic and onion, which can lead to constipation and make the anorectal area significantly congested, triggering or aggravating anal fissures.
What is an anal fistula? Can an anal fistula become cancer?
An anal fistula is a fistula that is connected to the anal canal or rectum, and is a sequel to a perianorectal abscess that has broken down. A fistula can turn into cancer. It is believed that cancer is related to chronic and long-term stimulation, and the formation of hard nodes, increased secretions and local pain are often precursors of cancer. the cancer rate is higher in patients over 10 years old, which should be taken seriously, so active treatment of anal fistula can effectively prevent the occurrence of rectal cancer.
What is rectal prolapse?
When someone defecates or squats, the intestine prolapses from the anus and sometimes needs to be held back by hand after standing or defecating, a pathological phenomenon commonly known as “prolapse”. This disease can occur at any age, but in children, it is mostly prolapse of the rectal mucosa; in men aged 20-40 and women aged 50 or older, it is mostly prolapse of the whole rectum. This disease is more common in men than women.
What are rectal polyps?
Patients often defecate with pus and blood or mucus, and after defecation, purple orbs with tips are seen to come out of the anus, or benign masses in the intestine are found through colonoscopy, which are called rectal polyps. Polyps are excess masses on human tissues and account for about 50-70% of benign tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.
What is a perianorectal abscess? What are its characteristics?
Perianorectal abscess is an acute or chronic purulent infection of the soft tissues around the anus. It is characterized by: (1) it mostly occurs in young adults between 20 and 40 years old, more in men than in women; (2) it has an acute onset, with anal swelling and pain; (3) after the formation of anal abscess, it is easy to spread to the surrounding soft tissue spaces and form new abscesses; (4) after the formation of abscess, it can naturally break down and form an anal fistula.
What are the main symptoms of perianal abscess?
Small hard lumps or masses are found around the anus, followed by severe local pain, redness, swelling, fever, discomfort, restlessness, urgency, dry stools, poor urination and other rectal irritation symptoms, followed by systemic symptoms such as increased body temperature, loss of appetite, chills and fatigue.
Why should deep perianal abscesses be treated with early surgery? What are the dangers otherwise?
Once a deep abscess is formed, the internal pressure gradually increases and the infection foci can spread to the surrounding tissues, penetrate upward into the pelvic cavity through the levator muscle to form peritonitis, or erode, ulcerate and penetrate into the adjacent tissues and organs such as rectum, bladder, vagina and urethra to form many types of complex fistulas. Therefore, if early incision and treatment is not performed in time after abscess formation, it will not only increase the invisible pain, but will also cause serious harm to the human body.
What are the perianal skin diseases?
There are many perianal skin diseases, mainly anal eczema, anal itch, anal neurodermatitis, perianal contact dermatitis, perianal skin tuberculosis, perianal ringworm, perianal condyloma, perianal purulent sweat gland infection, etc.
What is rectal cancer? What is its incidence?
Rectal cancer refers to a malignant mass growing above the dentate line to the junction of rectum and sigmoid colon. It is a relatively common malignant tumor of the intestine with uneven surface and hard texture, which occurs from the mucosa and submucosa, grows rapidly and metastasizes easily.
Rectal cancer is mostly adenocarcinoma, its incidence is high, accounting for about 15% of the whole body malignant tumors, second only to gastric cancer in men and uterine cancer in women, ranking second only to gastric cancer among malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. 75-80% of malignant tumors in the intestinal tract occur in the junction of anal canal, rectum, rectum and sigmoid colon, and 80-90% of rectal cancer occurs in the lower 2/3 of the rectum (within 10cm from the anal verge). (within 10cm from the anal verge), and the age of onset is mostly above 40 years old.