Cortical blindness is a central visual dysfunction caused by toxins affecting the occipital cortex of the brain or ischemia due to vasospasm. There are many clinical causes of cortical blindness, the most common causes are cerebrovascular lesions inflammation, demyelination, tumors, craniocerebral trauma, carbon monoxide poisoning, transient cardiac arrest, post-epileptic seizures, post-cesarean section, hypoxia during delivery, and rare causes such as organic mercury poisoning, complications of cerebral angiography, cerebral leukomalacia after organ transplantation immunosuppressant use and one of the complications of acute glomerulonephritis. Clinical manifestations include complete loss of vision in both eyes, normal pupillary light reflex, normal fundus, and may include hemiparesis. The disease is common in children aged 2 to 6 years. Modern western medicine generally uses corticosteroids and vasodilator drugs, but the effect is not very satisfactory. It is a bilateral damage above the lateral geniculate body, including lesions on both sides of the occipital lobe and optic radiation. The clinical characteristics are: 1) total blindness in both eyes; 2) intact pupillary light response; 3) normal fundus and abnormal VEP examination, which helps to differentiate from pseudoblindness and hysteria. The treatment of cortical blindness is mainly to treat the cause. There are reports of relatively good results with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The healing of cortical blindness is poor, so raising awareness of the disease and achieving early diagnosis and early treatment can improve symptoms.