Sudden swelling of the hand, this situation should first rule out trauma or arthritis caused. Often these diseases have obvious triggers, such as extrusion or impact, etc. It is arthritis caused by joint swelling, there will be obvious redness, swelling, heat, pain and other clinical manifestations. If there are no symptoms, it is necessary to consider whether there is a venous blockage, embolism, caused by poor reflux and edema, then check the vascular ultrasound of the upper limbs, if there is a clear thrombus, consider thrombus-induced hand swelling. After excluding this, we should consider whether the edema is caused by kidney disease, check the urine routine and blood albumin. If the urine routine protein positive, blood albumin decreased, consider whether the hand swelling caused by nephrotic syndrome, further examination needs to carry out a renal puncture, clear renal pathology type, at the same time, give individualized targeted treatment plan. For edema, the main thing is to clarify the cause of the disease, according to different causes to carry out different treatments.