Serum PSA is a specific marker for precancerous prostate cancer, and it is useful in the diagnosis of early asymptomatic prostate cancer. increased PSA is often a marker for prostate cancer, but it is not absolute by any means. Normally, PSA is a serine protease produced by the prostate epithelium, a glycoprotein that is secreted directly into the prostate duct system. Its normal function is to aid in the hydrolysis and liquefaction of semen clots and is associated with male fertility. A blood-epithelial barrier exists around the normal prostatic ductal system that prevents PSA produced by the prostatic epithelium from entering the bloodstream directly, thus maintaining a low concentration of PSA in the blood. It is generally accepted that a serum PSA of less than 4.0
ng/ml is considered normal, and PSA greater than 10ng/ml increases the risk of developing precancer. However, a normal PSA value does not necessarily rule out prostate cancer completely. According to a new report, 15% of patients with prostate cancer have a PSA in the normal range, which indicates that PSA is not the “gold standard” for diagnosing prostate cancer.
This suggests that PSA is not the “gold standard” for diagnosing prostate cancer. This suggests that PSA is not the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, so other “gold standards” are needed to supplement it. In addition to ultrasound, PSA, and other laboratory tests, urine tests are also needed to diagnose new symptoms of prostate-related diseases.
In addition to ultrasound, PSA and other laboratory tests, routine urinalysis, rectal examinations and even cystoscopy and MRI of the prostate are also needed. I recently diagnosed a patient with prostate cancer who was admitted to the hospital with “prostate enlargement and acute urinary retention” and had a PSA of 1.0.
The PSA was only 1.0. After admission, cystoscopy showed multiple swellings in the bladder triangle, some prostate glands protruding into the bladder, and surface irregularities. Post whole body bone scan: multiple bone metastases throughout the body. PSA is currently not the only criterion for the diagnosis and exclusion of prostate cancer, clinical symptoms and other relevant laboratory tests must be considered.