Pulmonary oligofibrosis is a fibrous nodular lesion in the lung that remains after treatment of pneumonia, lung abscess or tuberculosis and usually does not require treatment and does not affect the patient’s life expectancy. Pulmonary oligofibrosis is described by CT chest imaging and is commonly seen in people who have had chronic infections of the lungs, as well as in people who smoke and work with dust. It is mainly due to fibrous foci changes left by incomplete repair of the body’s autoimmune function after acute infection of the lung, and is mostly seen in diseases such as old tuberculosis, long-term smoking, bronchiectasis, severe pneumonia, and pulmonary fibrosis infection. Patients with imaging suggestive of pulmonary oligofibrosis, if they have no uncomfortable symptoms, usually do not need to be given special treatment and will not have an impact on their life expectancy. Patients are advised to pay attention to chest imaging, including orthopantomogram and chest CT, when they have annual physical examinations.