Hyperplasia of the tongue root may be caused by thyroglossal cysts and hypertrophy of the tonsils at the root of the tongue, as follows. 1. Thyroglossal cyst: the cyst occurs under the blind hole of the tongue or its anterior and posterior parts, which is round, mostly like the size of a walnut, and can make the root of the tongue swollen, affecting the function of swallowing, speech and breathing. Puncture examination can extract transparent, slightly turbid yellow thin or viscous fluid. 2. Hypertrophy of tonsils at the root of tongue: patients may feel foreign body sensation in the pharynx, and there is a sense of obstruction when swallowing, and the examination may see blackberry-like and pebble-like protrusions of different sizes at the root of tongue. Patients may snore during sleep. Tongue root hyperplasia may have other reasons, it is recommended to go to the hospital in time, clear causes for targeted treatment.