I. What is character? The so-called character, refers to the human personality characteristics, that is, each person’s attitude and approach to the world. First of all, we know the concept of nature and habit. Nature is what we are born with, and habit is what we develop later. For example, a cat can climb trees and like to catch mice, this is its nature. Cats as pets, after training, it can go to the bathroom by itself, this is the habit. Humans are more advanced creatures, especially in civilized societies, and they are born with a long period of education in knowledge and morality. Therefore, for human beings, his nature is less preserved, the proportion of habit is more. Therefore, it is often said that three parts of nature, seven parts of nurture. This is what is meant by the saying that the nature of man is good, the nature is similar, the habits are far away. In order for a child to have a good character, it is necessary to cultivate it properly. Second, what is temperament? Temperament is one of the psychological characteristics of personality, which is an innate quality and the basis of personality development. Temperament plays an important role in the development of children’s personality. Each child has a unique temperament, and understanding children’s temperament is beneficial to parents and teachers in personalizing children’s development. Everyone has different attitudes and approaches to people and things, some are gentle, some are rough, some are simple and direct, some are inflexible, some are strong and decisive, some are cowardly and hesitant, some are cheerful, some are withdrawn, some are generous, some are selfish, some are submissive, some are obstinate …… Newborn babies have no character, but careful observation The newborn baby has no character, but if you look closely, you will find that they have different characteristics. For example, hunger, children tend to cry, but cry different, some cry a lot, some cry for a while and do not cry. After research, people found that children have different temperaments, so psychologists divided him into submissive, obstinate, slow-starting and intermediate types. The determination of children’s temperament is done in different age stages, 0 to 1 year old, 1 to 3 years old and 3 to 7 years old. III. How to assess the temperament of children? In the form of a questionnaire, the 9 dimensions of temperament are measured. 1. Activity level: Does this child move more or is he or she still every day? Does he or she have hands and feet when crying? Does he/she sit honestly in the car? etc. 2. Rhythmicity: Is the child hungry when it’s time, sleep when it’s time? Is there a regular bowel movement? etc. 3. Avoidance: Are you afraid of fire? How bold are you? Are you afraid of living people? etc. 4, adaptability: to a new place will not sleep well for a few days? 5.Response intensity: how big is the temper? Will he be capricious or not? If the child steals his toy, must he get it back? etc. 6. Emotional nature: Is the child emotionally stable? Does he cooperate with the game? Does he hit or not? etc. 7. Persistence: Do you like to watch TV? Do you like to read picture books? Will he hold a pen for a long time? etc. 8.Distractedness of attention? Does he look around when telling stories? etc. 9. Response threshold: Does it last for a few days if he is in a bad mood? etc. The results of the test are different for each child, but there is a range, and if it deviates too far, it should be corrected. Temperament is just a psychological division, there is no good or bad. For example, obstinate children tend to be persistent in their studies, submissive children have it because they are better behaved, or they may sometimes have a low IQ, etc. Fourth, the relationship between temperament and personality Children’s temperament is different, in the external environment of interference, temperament will be transformed. Therefore, as a parent, the first thing to know about your child’s temperament, from the general typology, to see which type he belongs to, is it submissive, or stubborn? Is he a slow starter, or an intermediate type? How well does he adapt to the nine specific dimensions of the distribution? Does he have distracted attention? Does he learn well or not? Is he quiet or active? How is the motor ability? Understanding the child’s temperament characteristics, in order to specify a specific training program. Every personality is often a two-way street, for example, obstinate people tend to be tough, and submissive people tend to lack initiative. The age of 0~3 is a critical period for character formation, and some bad encounters, such as blows, abuse, injuries, poverty, insults, frame-ups, and complaints, will leave shadows on his psyche. Generally speaking, 0~6 years old mainly develop character, 6~12 years old mainly moral formation, and 12~18 years old is the formation of ideals and sense of honor and shame. The three stages are interlinked, and the moral formation, good or bad, is judged differently by each parent, which is the problem of moral scope. For example, a child born in an ordinary family, the issue of stealing, parents will say bad, while the thief parents will say good. V. Character development 1, understand the temperament, understand the child’s IQ, emotional intelligence, sensory integration check, attention test, lifestyle questionnaire. 2, develop a plan, strengths and weaknesses in character, expectation of character, go with the flow, set target behaviors, such as determination, endurance, decisiveness, humility, creativity, independence, diligent brain and hands, decision-making, execution, perseverance, bravery, adaptability, responsibility, performance, communication, accept failure, face up to setbacks, and develop a collaborative spirit. Example, the child is submissive, no opinion, timid, inefficient, no temper. 3.Guided education methods, such as induction, targeting, scenarios, etc. 4.Pay attention to incorporate education into 24-hour daily activities, such as eating, dressing, sleeping, washing, toilet, changing, traveling, going home, visiting relatives, etc. 5.The importance of appreciation, praise and encouragement. 6.Big praise and small criticism. 7.Criticism should be polite and parents should not lose their temper. 8, behavior therapy can be simply summarized as: behavior – reinforcement – character, behavior – ignore – disappear . 9, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement. 10, teaching by example is better than words. 11.Moral concept cultivation. 12, ideals and honor and shame cultivation.