Hepatitis B virus infection is a common disease in China and is the most common cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. To date, there is no specific therapy to deal with hepatitis B virus infection in China or even internationally. Existing therapeutic drugs include interferon a and oral nucleoside (acid) drugs such as lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir and telbivudine, but these drugs to a large extent only control viral replication to avoid liver damage caused by increased HBV DNA due to viral replication, thus ultimately reducing or even avoiding cirrhosis and liver cancer. However, not all patients with hepatitis B infection are suitable for treatment. The international view to date is that only abnormal liver function indicators, that is, abnormal transaminases, and more than twofold elevation of transaminases should be considered for treatment; of course, if a liver puncture biopsy shows significant liver inflammatory activity, antiviral therapy can be administered even if the transaminases are normal. The majority of hepatitis B patients in China were infected with hepatitis B before childhood, while adolescents and even adults infected with hepatitis B can basically have their hepatitis B surface antigen turned negative, with a few turning into “hepatitis B minor triplets”, which generally has no effect on the body. For hepatitis B infected before childhood, as the body develops and grows up, the condition of hepatitis B also goes through four stages with different characteristics: teenage children: the vast majority of hepatitis B in this period are what we usually call chronic hepatitis B carriers (commonly known as hepatitis B carriers), these people basically have normal transaminases and do not need treatment, only regular checkups, usually every six months to check liver function, if If the liver function is normal, no special treatment is needed; of course, if transaminases are found to be abnormal during this period, especially those with transaminases over 100 U/L, interferon-a treatment should be actively selected to avoid the development of the disease leading to cirrhosis or even liver cancer. Youth period: The condition of hepatitis B during this period varies from person to person, and can be manifested as repeatedly elevated liver transaminases, which is what we call hepatitis, or as a hepatitis B virus carrier with normal liver transaminases. For those with repeated transaminase abnormalities, especially those with transaminases reaching 200 U/L or more, they should be actively treated with antiviral therapy; due to the long treatment time of nucleoside (acid) oral drugs such as lamivudine,, adefovir, entecavir and tipifudine, it is strongly recommended to avoid pregnancy and childbirth during the treatment period, because; instead, it is recommended that “major triple-positive” patients in this period “patients choose interferon treatment, if the effect is not good, further examination is needed to assess the degree of liver damage, if the disease is mild, the drug can be discontinued for observation; if the liver fibrosis is heavy, even with cirrhosis, you should choose a long course of treatment with nucleoside drugs. If transaminases are normal, liver transaminases need to be monitored, and the monitoring period should be shortened to 3 months because this period is prone to transient hepatitis activity. Middle age: During this period, the hepatitis B disease varies greatly and can range from asymptomatic hepatitis B virus carriage to the development of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Most patients in this period have experienced hepatitis activity and liver damage process, and thus cannot be easily diagnosed as hepatitis B virus carriers. If there is abnormal liver transaminase and the viral DNA is higher than 100000 copies/mL, it should be treated actively; the antiviral treatment drugs in this period can be chosen from interferon subcutaneous injection or nucleoside analogues oral treatment according to their own characteristics; it should be emphasized that interferon treatment is not advocated for patients with cirrhosis, unless liver puncture biopsy proves that cirrhosis belongs to the early stage. If the transaminases are normal, but the viral DNA is high, it is necessary to do FibroScan liver hardness test and, if necessary, liver puncture biopsy to clarify the degree of liver damage, especially for patients with “hepatitis B minor triplet”, so as not to delay the diagnosis of the disease. This is because about 40% of cirrhosis has no signs and symptoms. Old age: Most of the hepatitis B patients are in a stable state during this period, while a few have progressed to cirrhosis or even liver cancer. For patients who have developed cirrhosis, long-term treatment with nucleoside (acid) oral drugs such as lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir and telbivudine should be actively used.