Neonatal jaundice occurs when the skin and sclera of the eyes appear yellow to the naked eye within 2 to 3 days after birth and the total bilirubin exceeds 85 micromol/litre on serum or skin tests. Newborns with bilirubin values greater than 340 micromol/liter within one week of birth are prone to bilirubin encephalopathy. This encephalopathy can lead to death of the newborn in severe cases, and if the survivors have sequelae, they may suffer from cerebral palsy, walking impairment, speech and mental retardation, hearing impairment, and dental dysplasia. Newborns born with maternal-child blood group incompatibility, asphyxia, sepsis, moderate acidity, hypoglycemia, G-6-PD deficiency and other high-risk factors should be monitored promptly after birth for bilirubin levels once they exceed the neonatal blue light intervention value and should be treated. The goal of treatment is to not develop bilirubin encephalopathy.