Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases in middle-aged and elderly men. The incidence of prostatic hyperplasia increases with age, but clinical symptoms are not always present when hyperplastic lesions are present. In 1995, the International Society of Urology (SIU) introduced the IPSS scoring system, which seeks to quantify symptomatology for ease of comparison and to assist in diagnosis, and also to serve as a criterion for post-treatment evaluation. The system determines a score of up to 35 points by answering six questions, and is currently considered mild with a score of 7 or less, moderate with a score of 7 to 18, and severe with a score of 18 or more, requiring surgical management.The IPSS is now internationally recognized as the best means of determining the severity of symptoms in patients with BPH. Ultrasound can be used to observe the size, shape and structure of the prostate. The absence of residual urine in the early stages of prostatic hyperplasia does not exclude the presence of lower urinary tract obstruction, as the bladder forcing muscle can overcome the increased urethral resistance by compensating for it and emptying the urine from the bladder. It is generally believed that a residual urine volume of 50 to 60 ml suggests that the bladder compulsion muscle is in an early state of loss of compensation. The danger of prostatic hyperplasia lies in the pathophysiologic changes produced after causing lower urinary tract obstruction. The pathology is highly individualized and not always progressive. Some lesions do not progress beyond a certain point, so surgery is not always necessary even in cases of mild obstruction. For mild symptoms, an IPSS score of 7 or less can be observed without treatment. Pharmacologic treatment includes: (1) 5α-reductase inhibitors Research has found that 5α-reductase is an important enzyme in the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Dihydrotestosterone has a certain role in prostate hyperplasia, so the use of 5α-reductase inhibitors can inhibit hyperplasia to a certain extent. Commonly used drugs include finasteride. (2) α-blockers currently believe that such drugs can improve the urethra power obstruction, so that the resistance to reduce to improve the symptoms, commonly used drugs such as Gauthierine, Terazosin. (3) The most widely used anti-androgen drugs are progesterone drugs. It can inhibit androgen cell binding and nuclear uptake, or inhibit 5α-reductase and interfere with the formation of dihydrotestosterone. Among the progesterones are megestrol, cyproterone acetate, chlormadinone acetate, and pregnenolone caproate. Antiandrogen drugs can make the symptoms and urine flow rate improve after using for a period of time, reduce residual urine, prostate shrinkage, but after stopping the drug, the prostate increases again, the symptoms also recur, the long-term application of the testicles can make the testosterone production capacity decline, or even can not produce testosterone to achieve the role of drug testosterone. (4) Others include M-receptor antagonists, botanicals, and traditional Chinese medicine, etc. M-receptor antagonists improve the symptoms of BPH patients during the storage phase by blocking the bladder M-receptor, relieving over-contraction of the urethral muscle, and decreasing the sensitivity of the bladder. Botanical agents such as Pulsatilla are indicated for the treatment of BPH and related lower urinary tract symptoms. To summarize, a comprehensive estimation of the condition should be made before drug treatment, long-term follow-up should be made to observe the efficacy of drugs, and urodynamic examination and cystocele examination should be performed regularly to avoid delaying the timing of surgery. Surgery is still an important treatment for prostatic hyperplasia. Indications for surgery are: ① lower urinary tract obstruction symptoms, urodynamic examination has been significantly changed, or residual urine in more than 60m; ② unstable bladder symptoms are serious; ③ has caused upper urinary tract obstruction and renal impairment; ④ repeated episodes of acute urinary retention, urinary tract infection, hematuria; ⑤ bladder stones complication. For patients with long-term urinary tract obstruction, renal function has been significantly impaired, severe urinary tract infection or acute urinary retention has occurred, a urinary catheter should be retained to relieve the obstruction, and then surgery should be performed when the infection is under control and renal function is restored. If it is difficult to insert the catheter or the long insertion time has caused urethritis, it can be changed to suprapubic cystocentesis. The indications for emergency prostatectomy should be strictly controlled. Minimally invasive surgical treatments are transurethral plasma bipolar resection of the prostate and transurethral plasma enucleation of the prostate is the use of a plasma bipolar resection system and a similar surgical approach to unipolar TURP via transurethral resection of the prostate.