Yoyo, who is in the sixth grade, always likes to hunch her back, and only when she went to the hospital did she realize that she had “scoliosis”. Because of the severity of scoliosis, the doctor recommended surgery. Scoliosis is one of the common deformities in adolescents. When a child is diagnosed with scoliosis, many parents feel “difficult to face”, thinking that if the child does not receive surgery, the future will have no relationship with the “beauty”, or even life-threatening. In fact, the majority of scoliosis is mild or moderate, is not the need for surgery, parents should pay attention to the problem of scoliosis, but do not panic. In a large proportion of cases, scoliosis is less than 20° and the deformity is not severe, requiring only regular review and no surgery or brace treatment. Scoliosis angles between 20° and 40° require bracing. Bracing is one of the most effective ways to correct moderate scoliosis. Because the scoliosis angle is small and the spine is flexible, bracing may delay the progression of scoliosis and delay or avoid surgery. For children with moderate scoliosis, wearing a scoliosis brace, along with exercise therapy to improve muscle strength, can achieve the purpose of controlling spinal development, preventing aggravation of deformity, and correcting scoliosis. Symmetrical exercises such as breaststroke, sit-ups and push-ups can be performed appropriately to help maintain symmetrical muscle balance. Asymmetric sports such as badminton, table tennis, basketball and other sports that adversely affect the balance of spinal muscle strength should be reduced. In cases where the scoliosis angle is greater than 40° and progresses rapidly even after brace treatment, surgery is recommended. The longer the duration of scoliosis, the more severe the deformity, the more serious the impact on cardiopulmonary function, and the more difficult it is to correct the deformity. Surgery is usually performed after puberty, ideally around the age of 14, or around the age of 12 if the deformity is found to be progressing rapidly during follow-up. The surgical approach is based on the degree of scoliosis, the degree of impact on cardiopulmonary function, and the location of the scoliosis.