Preventive vaccines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mainly include influenza vaccine and pneumonia vaccine. Both vaccines can be given as an early preventive injection to prevent acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by cold winter weather. Immune boosters can also be given to prevent recurrent attacks of COPD. The influenza vaccine and pneumonia vaccine can effectively control acute exacerbations of COPD induced by influenza virus during the exchange of influenza season and winter and spring seasons. Pneumonia vaccine can prevent the symptoms of fever, sputum, chest tightness and dyspnea caused by the complication of lung infection in slow-onset lung, avoid respiratory failure and severe hypoxemia in patients with slow-onset lung, and effectively protect lung function.