In Chinese medicine, aplastic anemia belongs to the category of “deficiency labor”, “blood deficiency” and “blood disorder”. After more than 40 years of practice, China has accumulated rich experience in the treatment of aplastic anemia and has obtained good curative effect. In the early 1960s, we took the lead in putting forward the viewpoint of kidney deficiency in reoccurrence and used kidney tonic method as the main treatment, which is now generally accepted and has become the conventional treatment for this disease. The combination of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of retrolithiasis has been summarized and used to guide clinical treatment, which is conducive to improving the efficacy. Kidney deficiency can be divided into three types: yin deficiency, yang deficiency and both yin and yang deficiency, which can be transformed with the disease, and can also be accompanied by spleen deficiency and blood stasis. Kidney Yin deficiency: symptoms include dizziness and tinnitus, weakness of the waist and knees, irritable heat in the five hearts, night sweating and dry throat, bleeding purpura, red tongue with little coating or brownish black, the treatment is to nourish Yin and tonify the kidney. Kidney Yang deficiency: symptoms include pale face, weakness and dizziness, cold fear or loose stools, little bleeding, pale tongue with white coating, treatment is to warm Yang and tonify the kidney. Kidney yin and yang deficiency: both yin and yang deficiency symptoms, the treatment should be yin and yang double tonic. Spleen and kidney tonic method: For those with spleen deficiency symptoms (weakness and shortness of breath, poor appetite and loose stools, white or greasy tongue and fatty coating), use spleen strengthening drugs on the basis of kidney tonic: Astragalus, Poria, Yam, Atractylodes, Atractylodes, Sandy, etc. are used. Activating blood circulation and resolving blood stasis: for some people who do not have obvious bleeding tendency, but have a long course of illness and have blood stasis symptoms, adding blood circulation and resolving blood stasis drugs on the basis of the above can improve the efficacy. Commonly used drugs: chicken blood vine, salvia, red peony, Chuanxiong, yujin, hyssop, etc. Clearing heat and detoxifying and cooling the blood: mainly used for acute re-infection or chronic re-infection combined with infection and post-hepatitis re-infection. Chinese medicine identifies the symptoms as acute labor and blood heat delusion. There are often high fever, irritability, headache, red throat, dry mouth, epistaxis, gingival blood, purple skin spots, blood blisters on the mouth and tongue, and red tongue with yellow/cracked/black coating. Commonly used herbs: Yinhua, forsythia, scutellaria, scutellaria, gardenia, panacea, comfrey, dry lotus, raw earth, xuan ginseng, maidenhair, Zhiwu, red peony, danpi, Xianhecao, side-bark leaf, cyperus, rhinoceros/water hyacinth.