Amniocentesis cannot detect fetal kidney problems, and the examination of fetal kidney problems mainly relies on ultrasound. Amniotic fluid contains cells shed by the fetus, after puncture, through amniotic fluid cultivation and chromosomal karyotype analysis, it can detect chromosomal diseases, genetic defects, metabolic diseases of the fetus; detect the blood type of the fetus; understand the maturity of the fetus’ lungs and skin and the function of the placenta; assist in the diagnosis of infections, premature rupture of membranes and so on, therefore, amniocentesis can not find out the fetal kidney problems. The examination of fetal kidney problems mainly relies on ultrasound, which helps to diagnose fetal ectopic kidneys, horseshoe kidneys, renal agenesis (underdevelopment of the kidneys), polycystic kidneys, urocystic cysts, hydronephrosis, and so on, by checking the number of fetal kidneys, the location of the abnormalities, etc., as well as the abnormalities of the renal parenchyma and the collecting system. If the fetus has kidney problems or a family history of kidney disease, as well as the need for amniocentesis, it is recommended to consult the doctor in time for targeted management under the doctor’s guidance.