Gallstones, also known as cholelithiasis, is a disease in which stones occur in the biliary system, including the gallbladder or bile ducts; biliary tract infections are among the common diseases. It is classified into cholecystitis and cholangitis according to the site of onset. After stones are formed in the gallbladder, they can irritate the gallbladder mucosa and cause not only chronic inflammation of the gallbladder, but also secondary infection when stones are embedded in the gallbladder neck or the bile duct, leading to acute inflammation of the gallbladder. Due to the chronic stimulation of gallbladder mucosa by stones, it may also lead to the occurrence of gallbladder cancer, and the incidence of such gallbladder cancer has been reported to be 1%-2%.