Uncoordinated arousal, which manifests as a dissonance between thoughts and feelings and their motor behavior, is commonly seen in schizophrenia. Mainstream research has shown that biological as well as sociocultural influences are important contributors to the disease, with current research focusing on the biochemical and genetic factors of brain neurophysiology. Some claim that current diagnostic criteria lack objectivity and consider the state of schizophrenia to be controversial. Although the name schizophrenia literally means a split mind, it is not in itself the same as a split personality, nor should it be confused with dissociative identity disorders, as some articles, films, or popular culture generally do. Schizophrenia is also not associated with a high incidence of violent behavior. Although psychotic states often leave patients in need of psychiatric assistance, schizophrenic patients are not always in this psychotic state. The concept of tertiary prevention has been introduced in mental health work Primary prevention is the prevention of disease by taking measures in terms of etiology and pathogenesis. Secondary prevention refers to early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. Tertiary prevention refers to prevention of relapse and prevention of disability. The causes and pathogenesis of schizophrenia have not been fully elucidated to date, so primary prevention is difficult to implement. In terms of secondary prevention, scholars at home and abroad have done a lot of work, such as the unification of diagnostic criteria, the use of standardized assessment scales, and early psychosocial interventions for the disease, so that secondary prevention has progressed relatively quickly. Secondary prevention Before primary prevention of schizophrenia can be implemented, the focus of prevention should be on early detection, early treatment and relapse prevention. Therefore, psychiatric prevention and treatment institutions should be established in the community to popularize knowledge of psychiatric prevention and treatment among the public and eliminate discrimination and incorrect perceptions of psychiatric patients, so that patients can be detected early and treated at an early stage. After returning to society, family and social forces should be mobilized to create conditions for patients’ rehabilitation. Under the guidance and training of community-based rehabilitation institutions and with the support of families, patients can improve their social adaptation ability, reduce psychological stress, adhere to medication, avoid relapse, and reduce disability. Both domestic and international experiences illustrate its importance and feasibility. Genetic counseling: Genetic quality is a factor in the occurrence of schizophrenia. Patients of childbearing age are advised not to have children when psychotic symptoms are evident. If both partners have suffered from schizophrenia, it is recommended to avoid having children. Survey data show that the chance of having a child with both parents with schizophrenia is 39.2%, which is about one times higher than the chance of having a child with one parent with the disorder (16.4%). Schizophrenia occurs as a result of a combination of genetic qualities and biological and psychosocial factors in the environment. Available research data suggest that maternal viral infections during pregnancy, perinatal comorbidities, trauma, and psychosocial stress of forced separation from both parents in early childhood can have an impact on the development of schizophrenia. Therefore, it is important to provide timely counseling to families of high-risk groups, to pay attention to maternal health care during pregnancy and delivery, and to provide a mentally healthy developmental environment for their children during their growth and developmental stages to reduce biological and psychological stressors in the fetal developmental environment. Tertiary prevention Tertiary prevention mainly refers to rehabilitation, which refers to the use of comprehensive means to maximize functional recovery of patients by using the conditions and timing obtained as much as possible. Schizophrenia patients have a high relapse rate, and timely and effective measures to minimize relapse or relapse are important prevention and treatment measures that can be taken in the following areas: 1. Psychotherapy before discharge. After most of the psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia patients have disappeared after hospitalization and self-knowledge has been partially restored, help patients recognize the changes in their psychiatric symptoms through psychotherapy, encourage them to establish confidence in overcoming the disease, and teach them some methods to prevent and control relapse. 2. Provide health education to the patient’s family. Make the patient get the assurance of medical supervision and psychological support. 3.Establish a regular outpatient follow-up system. Instruct patients to take appropriate amount of maintenance medication to prevent relapse through medication, and research shows that maintenance medication can effectively reduce the relapse rate. 4.Improve the level of mental health knowledge in the whole society. Mental health knowledge can be taught starting in the community, and day work therapy stations can be established in communities where available to create a good social environment for schizophrenia patients and help them return to society.