Middle-aged and elderly people: how to exercise?

  Swimming In the past, it was thought that patients with knee osteoarthritis should not do repetitive joint movements under load, such as running and climbing, and that doctors would recommend swimming. Now it is found that if the patient’s knee gap is not equally wide, i.e. the joint is worn on one side and not on the other, or the degree of wear is different on both sides, some swimming movements should not be done either, such as swimming breaststroke, the action of pinching the legs will aggravate the damage to the joint, and freestyle is recommended because the legs are tapped in a straight line.  Cycling Cycling can be a good exercise for the knee joint. They are recommended to be practiced even for patients with very severe arthritis. Repeated straightening and bending of the legs can exercise all the muscles of the knee joint and promote the flow of joint fluid. With proper training, it will not aggravate arthritis, but will also strengthen the stability of the joint and prevent the aggravation of cartilage damage.  If you have degenerated knee cartilage, you are less likely to experience pain if you walk on a gentle slope for a short period of time and take a break midway.  Taijiquan Some movements involve rotating the knee joint under weight, which increases the degree of wear and tear on the joint cartilage, so those with bad joints should pay special attention, such as the single whip downward movement, which does not need to be done too standard. Some people have no problems with their joints, but they have pain when playing Tai Chi, because their posture is not right.  Table tennis and shuttlecock can promote the ligaments, joint capsule, muscles and tendons that play a stabilizing role in all aspects of the knee joint strong and stable, but also improve the overall human reaction and coordination, but the knee joint in these two sports are the main participating joints, the force is relatively large, and there are rotational grinding and other shear force movement, the knee joint is a very comprehensive test, before the exercise to fully warm up, after the exercise to fully relax It is important to learn to check the knee joint force line for deviation.  Special reminders Foot defects, such as flat feet, high arched feet, bunions, etc., are likely to change the knee joint force line over time due to poor grip on the foot during exercise, resulting in imbalance of joint pressure and greater possibility of cartilage damage. It is best to consult an orthopedic specialist, and orthopedic shoes or insoles can be worn to stabilize the joint and compensate for the defect, so that the joint will be more stable and less prone to lesions during sports.