Minimally invasive surgery includes small incisions, neuroguidance, stereotactic, endovascular interventions, neuroendoscopy, and awake surgery. The aim is to ensure a more concise and clear exposure of the lesion, less damage and fewer complications during the procedure. For example, small incision surgeons are used in anterior circulation aneurysm treatment and saddle area tumor, microvascular decompression surgery, etc. In the past, when we did skull base surgery, the difficulty of exposure was a common problem encountered by neurosurgeons, and the disadvantage of poor visualization of microscope at depth was highlighted, which was more deeply felt by doctors who operated more on tumors deep in the skull base, and the application of skull base endoscopy was just the right solution to the problem. Endovascular interventions show indispensable advantages in the treatment of complex cerebral aneurysms such as entrapped aneurysms and posterior circulation aneurysms. Functional area lesion management with awake surgery can preserve neurological function to the maximum extent. As for the treatment of common procedures such as pituitary tumors, skull base endoscopy is trending to fully replace microscopy.