Lung cancer with target genes is suitable for targeted therapy. The so-called target gene refers to the genetic mutation or genetic abnormality unique to lung cancer cells, for example, epidermal growth factor receptor, or EGFR for short in English, is mutated in some lung cancer patients’ cancer cells, and there are clinically available drugs that can inhibit this mutation, such as gefitinib, erlotinib, erlotinib, etc. These lung cancer patients are suitable for targeted therapy with these drugs. This is the most common targeted therapy regimen in lung cancer and has also achieved good therapeutic results. There are also a small number of lung cancer patients whose cancer cells have abnormal gene fusion of mesenchymal lymphoma kinase, abbreviated as ALK in English, and these patients can be treated with crizotinib as targeted therapy. In conclusion, only those lung cancer patients with genetic abnormalities not found in normal cells are suitable for targeted therapy, which is generally more common in patients with lung adenocarcinoma, but rare in patients with squamous lung cancer and small cell lung cancer.