Precautions for patients with anal diseases: 1, prohibit alcohol and spicy, fried and greasy stimulating food, try to light diet; 2, eat more vegetables, fruits, drink more water, high fiber diet, develop good bowel habits, regular active defecation 1 ~ 2 times a day; 3, after defecation with about 40 ℃ warm water rinse the anus, a swelling prolapse should be timely reset, and contraction of the anus to do anal lifting 6 ~ 10 times; 4, defecation Avoid excessive time, excessive force during defecation, and timely consultation if defecation is difficult; 5. Avoid standing and squatting for a long time, and people with sedentary work should preferably walk around for 3~5 minutes every hour; 6. If you have abnormal anal sensation, such as painful stool and blood, you should go to the anorectal department in time to avoid delaying the disease. Precautions for postoperative anal diseases: 1. If there is trauma in the anus after surgery, you should take a sitz bath with warm water at about 40℃ regularly, and decide the number of sitz baths according to the amount of secretions to keep the anus clean until the trauma is completely healed; 2. After discharge, you should return to the hospital for weekly follow-up, and follow up for one month. It is normal to have secretions and a small amount of blood dripping and pain after stool before the trauma heals after surgery, and you should return to the hospital for consultation if there is discomfort or heavy bleeding; 3, Eat a light diet after surgery, eat more fiber-rich foods, such as celery, corn, carrots, sweet potatoes, bananas, pears, etc. Avoid alcohol, spicy, fried, greasy and other stimulating foods to keep the bowels open; 4. Pay attention to rest, avoid prolonged standing and squatting, moderate activity, increase intestinal peristalsis, develop the habit of regular bowel movements, avoid excessively long bowel movements, avoid excessive force when defecating; 5. Do anal exercise: first contract the anus and then relax it, several times a day, no less than 50 round trips, at any time and in any position; avoid bad habits, such as eating too much, eating fine food or holding the stool, squatting too long, avoid cold or overheating stimulation of the anus, avoid constipation, diarrhea, etc.