In the 1950s~60s, Dr. Ilizarov and other Russian doctors discovered the biological theory of “distraction histogenesis DH”, i.e. Law of tension-stress, and invented the combined ring external fixator and standard operation technique. stress), invented the combined ring type external fixator and standard operation technique, and after 80s Ilizarov’s biological theory and technique were widely disseminated worldwide, which greatly expanded the scope of clinical application of external fixation technique in orthopedics. In the last decade or so, some scholars have conducted in-depth basic and clinical application research, which has extended the tension-stress law and clinical application techniques to the treatment of pediatric surgery, plastic surgery, maxillofacial surgery, peripheral neurosurgery and other diseases. And the application and technical progress in the field of orthopedics reached a new stage of being able to shape the human form. Along with the active proliferation of microvessels in the retracted region, some scholars have attempted to use this technique to treat limb ischemic diseases such as vaso-occlusive vasculitis. The limb lengthening technique has evolved from single stem lengthening (ductile tissue growth) to tissue regeneration and limb reconstruction, thus enabling the treatment of many difficult orthopedic conditions and limb disfigurement that are difficult or even impossible to treat with traditional orthopedic techniques, such as congenital pterygoid joints, joint contractures from various causes, severe bone and joint deformities, traumatic limb disfigurement, etc.