With the improvement of people’s living standard, there are more and more patients with gallbladder stones and cholecystitis. Whether all patients must be treated surgically, the answer is no. For patients with asymptomatic gallbladder stones and cholecystitis do they need surgery? Which patients are recommended for surgical treatment? Many people with gallbladder stones have experienced that when they go for a physical examination for a while, they find that the stones are getting bigger and bigger, which is equivalent to the “snowball effect”, where the stones get bigger and bigger when they have a core. The stones repeatedly rub against the wall of gallbladder, and after a long time, the wall of gallbladder will have pathological changes. Studies have confirmed that the occurrence of gallbladder cancer is closely related to gallbladder stones, and the longer the time of gallbladder stones and the larger the gallbladder stones, the higher the probability of gallbladder cancer. Therefore, the existence of gallbladder stones needs to be taken seriously, and patients who are more than 10 years old need to deal with gallbladder stones. Patients who are older than 70 years old need to be even more alert. Patients with gallbladder stones more than 2-3 cm in diameter also need to be taken seriously. For these three groups of patients, surgical treatment is required. In addition, early cholecystectomy is recommended for diabetic patients, because if acute calculous cholecystitis occurs in diabetic patients, the disease is often very rapid, so early surgery is recommended. In summary, surgery is recommended for the above four types of patients. For other patients with asymptomatic gallbladder stones, they can be observed, reviewed regularly, and treated with oral lithotropic drugs.