In the 1970s, most scholars believed that asthma attacks were caused by bronchospasm, making short-acting β2 agonists (SABA) the drug of choice for the treatment of asthma. Clinicians soon discovered that SABA masked airway inflammation while exerting asthma calming effects, and that long-term, single-use applications could cause downregulation of β2 receptors on cell membranes resulting in drug resistance and rapid desensitization, ultimately leading to increased asthma mortality. By the 1980s, researchers identified the presence of chronic nonspecific inflammation of the airways as a major factor in the pathogenesis of asthma. Inhaled glucocorticoids were considered to be the predominant agents for the treatment of asthma. In the 1990s, medical experts gradually recognized airway remodeling as a substantial pathological change of chronic airway inflammation in asthma patients, and gradually found that the combination of inhaled glucocorticoids and long-acting β2 agonists is the most effective and scientifically reasonable method for the treatment of asthma at present. In this regard, the Global Asthma Prevention and Control Idea and our asthma prevention and control guidelines point out that the combination of these two drugs is recommended as the first choice for patients who are not satisfactorily controlled by inhaled glucocorticoid therapy alone. Bronchial asthma is a complex and volatile disease, and its treatment is entering a fine-tuned phase. Combination therapy with glucocorticoids and long-acting β2 agonists is indicated for the following patients: i. Patients with moderate to severe asthma. ii. Those who are being treated with inhaled glucocorticoids but still have symptoms. Patients who are regularly treated with bronchodilators and require additional inhaled glucocorticoids. IV. Patients who are already using effective doses of inhaled glucocorticosteroids and long-acting beta2 agonists with well-controlled asthma. V. For patients with mild persistent asthma, combination therapy can also be used to enhance symptom control if necessary and eventually achieve a reduction in inhaled hormone dose. Administration of combination therapy: i. Routinely start with a low dose, and determine the dose and frequency of administration according to the patient’s symptoms and lung function. If the efficacy is poor, escalation therapy should be used promptly and continued for more than 3 months after good control is achieved, and if the disease does not recur, gradual downgrading can be considered. Second, if the patient’s condition is severe, he should not be bound to escalation therapy, and a larger initial dose can be used to enable the patient to be fully treated first, so that the condition can be remitted in time and then gradually downgraded. As for the duration of maintenance of this larger initial dose, there is no definite conclusion. Generally speaking, the duration should not be too long, but within a few days to a week is preferable. Third, combination therapy currently tends to use a combination of two drug components in the same device. The combination increases compliance, but also limits the dose of both drugs, resulting in patients with long-term use sometimes taking unnecessary long-acting β2 agonists. Generally, step-down therapy is used, and after the disease has been adequately controlled for 3-6 months, the inhaled hormone dose in the combination regimen should be reduced first, and then the long-acting β2 agonist should be tapered off. Then small doses of inhaled hormone alone should be treated, after which the inhaled hormone dosage should be gradually reduced according to the condition until the final discontinuation of the drug.