There are many anesthesia risks, including anesthesia allergy, cardiac arrest, pneumonia, nerve damage and so on. Anesthesia risk is mainly respiratory and circulatory depression, respiratory and circulatory depression may occur during anesthesia, causing hypotension, shock, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia or even cardiac shock and other critical conditions, and there is a risk of death if the patient is not rescued in time. The process of anesthesia intubation may lead to laryngospasm, airway and vocal fold injury and other risks. Patients who have not fasted before anesthesia may suffer from aspiration pneumonia due to reflux of food or digestive fluids. Improper operation of lumbar spine anesthesia may also injure the cauda equina or nerve root, and after anesthesia, patients often suffer from nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headache, and other symptoms. The risk of anesthesia is controllable, professional anesthesiologists will choose the appropriate anesthesia drugs and anesthesia methods according to the patient’s individual situation, so as to reduce the risk caused by anesthesia. Therefore, patients do not need to worry too much, and should go to the hospital in time when they need surgical anesthesia treatment, and treat the disease as soon as possible with the help of doctors. The anesthesia process needs to be well monitored, and if there is any situation, corresponding treatment will be made in time.