Some middle-aged and elderly friends usually have good health, often participate in hiking, jogging and other physical exercise, heart and lung function is very good, but unknowingly began to appear knee or hip pain symptoms, at first only occasionally vague pain, and then the pain increased, lasting longer and longer, affecting the activities and sleep, sometimes joint swelling and even “water retention Sometimes the joint swells and even becomes “watery” and changes in shape, and in severe cases, the joint is suddenly “stuck” and cannot move. The diagnosis of “osteoarthritis” was made at the hospital. It occurs in joints that carry a lot of weight and have a lot of movement, such as the knee, spine (cervical and lumbar spine), hip, ankle, hand and other joints. It is more accurately defined as a joint disease caused by a variety of factors that lead to fibrosis, cracking, ulceration, and loss of joint cartilage, and is often characterized by joint pain, functional limitation, and deformity. The incidence of this disease is high, with a prevalence of up to 50% in people over the age of 6O and up to 80% in people over the age of 75 in China. The disability rate of the disease is as high as 53%. A proper understanding of osteoarthritis and treatment according to a standardized treatment plan can effectively help patients reduce their symptoms, return to normal social life and improve their quality of life. The cause of osteoarthritis is still unclear and is thought to be related to age, obesity, inflammation, trauma, and genetic factors. For osteoarthritis without a clear systemic and local etiology is called primary osteoarthritis, often caused by degenerative changes, this category is the most common, with the majority of middle-aged and elderly patients. Osteoarthritis secondary to inflammation, trauma, congenital disease, and other lesions is called secondary osteoarthritis and can occur in young and middle-aged people. The pathological changes of osteoarthritis are progressive, starting with a slight degeneration of the cartilage of the joint surface, and the patient only feels discomfort occasionally. When the cartilage degeneration increases, fibrosis peels off and is absent, the subchondral bone of the joint becomes sclerotic and cystic, osteophytes appear at the edges of the joint, the joint cannot work normally after the biological and mechanical environment is changed, the synovial tissue in the joint cavity is abnormally stimulated, resulting in an inflammatory reaction of the synovial membrane, pain in the patient, a large amount of fluid in the joint cavity, swelling of the joint, contracture of the joint capsule, stiffness of the joint, and inability to move normally. The joint shape gradually changes and eventually leads to disability. Therefore, middle-aged and elderly people or people with risk factors for secondary osteoarthritis (e.g., patients with joint trauma, joint deformities, infectious arthritis, or some genetic diseases) should seek medical attention as soon as they experience joint discomfort. The diagnosis of osteoarthritis can be made through the patient’s medical history, clinical symptoms, physical examination, laboratory tests and imaging (X-ray), which may show asymmetric narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis, cystic changes, joint edge hyperplasia and bone redundancy, and free bodies or joint deformities in some joints.