It is understood that chronic kidney disease has become a major disease that threatens human health worldwide. The prevalence of CKD in Europe and the United States is between 6 and 16%, and the incidence of end stage of renal disease (ESRD) caused by CKD is increasing year by year worldwide.
The incidence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) caused by CKD is increasing year by year in the world, with poor prognosis and high cost.
The incidence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) caused by CKD is increasing year by year worldwide, with poor prognosis and high cost, which brings heavy burden to global health finance. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Chinese population is between 11% and 12%, and is increasing year by year, which is related to the change of lifestyle. The survey found that the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the community is as high as 11%; glomerulonephritis is the main cause of uremia in the Chinese population, unlike in Europe and the United States, but in recent years, the number of patients on dialysis for chronic kidney failure due to diabetes and hypertension has been increasing. Chronic kidney disease is characterized by “three highs” and “three lows”: high incidence, high prevalence of associated cardiovascular disease, and high death rate; low awareness of chronic kidney disease, low prevention and treatment rate, and low awareness of associated cardiovascular disease in the whole society. The survey shows that the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in people over 40 years old in China is more than 10%, but the awareness rate is less than 5%. In China, the largest number of patients with chronic kidney disease occurs in glomerulonephritis, accounting for 40%. Other secondary chronic kidney diseases are increasing with the change of dietary structure and living habits of our population. Together with the existing medical level in China is still limited, resulting in a serious challenge to the prevention and treatment situation of chronic kidney disease in China. End-stage renal disease refers to the end stage of various chronic kidney diseases, similar to the concept of uremia, only the diagnostic criteria are different. It is generally considered to be diagnosed when the glomerular filtration rate drops below 10 ml/(min.1.73m2). In other words, when chronic kidney disease reaches stage 5, it enters the end-stage renal disease.