It is mostly caused by the regurgitation of superficial venous blood flow due to incomplete closure of the first pair of valves of the superficial veins (saphenous valves), which increases the venous pressure in the lower limbs. Secondly, congenital weakness of the vein wall is also an important cause. Patients often have a combination of circumferential or confined vein wall defects, which produce venous tortuosity and dilatation in the presence of increased venous pressure. Finally, factors such as prolonged standing, obesity and abdominal pressure can increase venous pressure and increase the likelihood of varicose vein development.
Symptoms and signs
1.Venous thrombosis: Some patients can form thrombosis in the superficial varicose veins, which is manifested as local redness, swelling and pain, hard lump formation and pain affecting walking. If left untreated, the thrombus may spread upward or through the traffic vein to the deep vein, causing deep vein thrombosis and risk of life-threatening pulmonary embolism. Long-term varicose vein patients with weak vein wall and high venous pressure, coupled with the lack of local blood supply caused by muscle and fat tissue atrophy, the varicose veins protrude under the skin, and ulcers will occur with mild injury, and easily damage the vein wall.
2, bleeding, ulcers: the skin of the area through which the varicose vein passes is very fragile due to insufficient nutrition, and minor trauma can easily lead to rupture of the varicose vein and thus cause haemorrhage. Since there are no other symptoms such as pain when bleeding, patients often do not notice it, but if it happens at night when they sleep, it will lead to very serious consequences.
3, vein damage: long-term varicose veins patients with weak vein walls, high venous pressure, coupled with the local blood supply is insufficient to cause muscle, fat tissue atrophy, varicose veins protrude under the skin, a mild injury will occur ulcers, and easy to damage the vein wall.
4, edema, skin pigmentation: because of venous reflux, patients often present morning light and evening heavy edema of the affected limbs. And long-term venous hypertension leads to increased capillary permeability in the calf area, red blood cells exude and then rupture, and iron hemoglobin is deposited under the skin, making the skin darker, from dotted to flaky development.
5, affect the beauty of legs: varicose veins besides affect the beauty of legs, at the beginning of the disease, patients mostly have soreness and discomfort and pain; at the later stage, damaged veins bulge and dilate tortuously, with the calf saphenous vein stroke as heavy.
6.Necrosis: This kind of ulcer mostly occurs in the upper part of the inner ankle and the lower 1/3 of the inner calf. Due to insufficient blood supply to the tissue, the tissue around the ulcer becomes thin, the skin becomes black and hard, the ulcer wound does not heal for a long time, and it is easy to recur after healing.
Disease classification
Varicocele: Varicocele refers to the coiled expansion of the veins in the spermatic cord due to obstruction of reflux. It is a common disease among young adults, which refers to the dilatation, tortuosity and lengthening of the vascular plexus of the spermatic cord (venous plexus) due to the stagnation of blood flow in the spermatic cord. The incidence is 10-15% in the male population and 15-20% in male infertility. The disease occurs mostly on the left side, but bilateral onset is not uncommon and can be as high as about 20%. Varicocele, which can be accompanied by testicular atrophy and impaired sperm production, can cause male infertility. Varicocele can also be caused by kidney tumors or other retroperitoneal tumors. Varicocele caused by compression is called symptomatic or secondary varicocele.
2, varicose veins of lower extremities: varicose veins of lower extremities are lesions in which superficial veins of lower extremities are dilated, lengthened, and bent into clusters, which can be complicated by chronic ulcers in late stages. This disease is mostly seen in middle-aged men, or prolonged weight-bearing or standing workers. The disease is not broken before the “tendon tumor” category of traditional Chinese medicine, but after the breakdown of the “sore” category. Varicose veins of lower extremities are the most important disease of venous system and one of the most common diseases of vascular disorders of extremities. The varicose veins of the lower extremities appear to be progressively more dilated, bulging and tortuous, especially in the inner calf. Saphenous varicose vein lesions are mainly located on the lateral calf. In the early stage of the disease, the patient has a feeling of soreness and swelling in the lower limbs. At the same time, there is heaviness and weakness of the limbs and mild edema. The sensation is aggravated after standing for a long time or in the afternoon, while it is significantly reduced after lying down or limb treatment, and sometimes it can be accompanied by calf muscle spasm. In some patients, there is no obvious discomfort. For longer duration of the disease, skin trophic changes, including skin atrophy, desquamation, hyperpigmentation, skin and subcutaneous tissue sclerosis, eczema and refractory ulcers, may occur in the lower legs, especially in the stomping shaw, and may sometimes be complicated by thrombophlebitis and acute lymphangitis.
Varicose veins health care methods
1, foot bath: with hot water soaking feet, especially with ginger or chili decoction feet, can be faster expansion of the human respiratory mucosa capillary network, accelerate blood circulation, so that the respiratory mucosa in the blood of white blood cells in time to destroy the bacteria and viruses that attack the human body, so that the human body from infection. Often standing people, prone to “lower limb varicose veins” disease, and foot bath can speed up the leg blood circulation, so that the leg veins blood back to the right heart in time, is conducive to reducing the leg veins stasis, prevention of varicose veins in the lower limbs. In addition, before going to bed with hot water bubble feet, but also help to calm the mind to annoy, hypnotic sleep, so that sleep more deep and sweet.
2, massage feet: after washing feet, hands rubbed hot, lightly rub the relevant parts or acupuncture points, can be full foot massage, can also be local massage, more Mo Chung Quan points (foot) or Tai Chong points (one, two toe joints after) or Tai Xi points (between the high point of the inner ankle and Achilles tendon depression). Dizziness, insomnia, anorexia, dullness, fatigue, hypertension, constipation, etc. have a preventive effect.
3, high lift your feet: daily feet up 2-3 times, flat or higher than the heart, when the feet, legs blood circulation is strong, the lower limbs blood flow back to the lungs and heart speed up, get full circulation, the head can get enough and fresh blood and oxygen, while the foot acupuncture points, reflex zones is also a benign stimulation.
4, rubbing the leg belly: with both hands palm clamping one side of the calf belly, while turning rubbing, each side rubbing about 20 times, and then the same method to rub the other leg. This method can enhance the leg force.
5, wrench foot: take a sitting position, both legs straight, head down, body bent forward, with two hands wrench toes and ankle joints 20-30 times each, can exercise foot force, prevent leg and foot weakness.
6, twisted knee: two feet parallel to each other, bend the knee slightly downward squatting, hands on the knee, knee back and forth in a circle, first to the left, then to the right, about 20 times each. Can smelt lower limb weakness, knee pain.
7, shake the leg: a hand to hold things or hold the wall, first forward shake the calf, so that the leg tip upward, and then shake backward, so that the toe force backward, the foot surface taut, the leg is also as straight as possible. When shaking the leg, the upper body is straight, the two legs exchanged dozens of times each. This method can prevent hemiplegia, atrophy and weakness of the lower limbs and leg numbness, calf cramps, etc.
Prevention of varicose veins.
Women (especially maternity), people who stand for a long time (more than 6 hours a day) and obese people are more prone to varicose veins. Prevention of varicose veins can be done in the following ways.
1.Lifting the legs, varicose veins are caused by the inability of the veins to send blood back to the heart, so lifting the legs helps to slow down the disease.
2, elevate the end of the bed to help blood return during sleep.
3.Do not wear high heels.
4, maintain the ideal weight.
5.Beware of taking birth control pills, certain birth control pills may cause this problem.