Bone marrow aspirations are performed to check for various blood disorders and unexplained fevers in a way that does not affect the body in any way.
In clinical practice, bone marrow aspiration is the most common test for hematologic disorders. The main purpose of bone marrow aspiration is to observe whether the morphology and ratio of various blood cells in the bone marrow are normal, and morphologic examination can make preliminary judgments about some blood disorders. If there is a large number of infantile cells in the bone marrow, it can be diagnosed as acute leukemia, and if there is abnormal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, multiple myeloma can be considered. Also in clinical practice when there is unexplained fever, certain parasitic diseases such as malaria, black fever, and other parasitic tests are also diagnosed using bone marrow aspiration.
The usual site of puncture for bone marrow aspiration is the upper iliac bone, and local anesthetic is used to perform the aspiration, which is not painful after the application of anesthetic.
Bone marrow aspiration should not be performed in hemophilia with severe bleeding. Bone marrow aspiration should be done with caution in women with advanced pregnancy, and sternal puncture is contraindicated in children and uncooperative individuals.
Bone marrow aspiration is very safe and the amount of bone marrow extracted is very small and does not cause any major harm to the body, so there is no need to worry too much during the test.