The kidney is an important organ responsible for maintaining the balance of water, acid-base and electrolytes; excreting many harmful metabolic substances (including urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid and drugs); producing erythropoietin and stimulating the bone marrow to produce red blood cells; activating vitamin D to maintain the calcium-phosphorus balance and keep bones healthy; and regulating blood pressure, among other physiological functions. With the increase of age, the kidney function will gradually decline, therefore, we should pay attention to protect the kidney. The main measures are as follows: a. Maintain a healthy lifestyle: do not over-eat high-protein foods, protein intake after digestion and absorption of waste products is ammonia, excessive intake of protein can increase the excretory burden on the kidneys, so that the kidneys are in a high metabolic state; should not eat food containing too much fat, low-fat diet to reduce vascular sclerosis, prevent hypertension, diabetes and kidney disease deterioration is beneficial; quit smoking Avoid alcohol; do not eat too salty, the daily salt intake of the average person does not exceed 6 grams, kidney disease, heart disease patients should be lower; moderate amount of water, do not hold urine, can prevent urinary tract infections and the occurrence of stones. Second, do not abuse drugs: the most common drugs that cause damage to the kidneys are various types of painkillers, cold medicines, certain antibacterial agents, Chinese medicine containing Guanmutong (such as gentian diarrhea liver pill, coronary heart Suhe pill) and contrast agents must be reasonably applied under the guidance of a doctor, chronic kidney patients should avoid the use of the above drugs as far as possible, so as not to aggravate the original kidney disorders. Active prevention and control of hypertension: blood pressure is an independent risk factor for aggravating kidney damage, active prevention of hypertension, blood pressure standards is an important measure to avoid kidney damage and slow down the progress of kidney disease. For general population, blood pressure should be controlled below 140/90mmHg; for nephropathy and diabetic patients, blood pressure should be controlled below 130/80mmHg; for those with proteinuria over 1 gram per day, blood pressure should be controlled at 125/75mmHg. Fourth, control blood sugar, lipid and obesity: disorders of sugar and lipid metabolism and obesity can lead to and aggravate kidney disease; controlling blood sugar and lipid can effectively delay the progress of kidney disease. In recent years, it was found that obesity leads to nephritis gradually increased, therefore, proper exercise and weight reduction is beneficial to prevent the occurrence of kidney disease. Five, prevent infection: bacteria and other pathogenic microorganisms can directly retrograde up from the urinary tract, into the kidneys, so that the onset of kidney infection, in order to prevent bacterial retrograde urinary tract infection, to keep the perineum and urethral orifice clean and hygienic. In addition, microorganisms can also infect the kidney through the pathway of blood circulation and lymphatic fluid circulation. Therefore, when infectious lesions exist in other parts of the body, such as tonsillitis, dental caries, boils, tuberculosis, etc., they should be treated and handled in a timely manner. Prevent diseases from damaging the kidneys: Some diseases, such as allergic purpura, systemic lupus erythematosus, massive dehydration, blood loss, trauma, etc., can damage the kidneys, and when such diseases occur, the original disease should be treated promptly, and kidney protection measures should also be strengthened. Regular health check-ups: Kidney diseases are insidious and often not easily detected clinically, so regular health check-ups are an important means of early detection of kidney diseases. Especially patients with a family history of kidney disease, diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, etc., should be more careful than the average person. Urine examination is a simple and important item to screen kidney diseases. At least once every six months, urine examination and regular kidney function and kidney ultrasound tests can be performed for early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of kidney diseases.