achalasia is an esophageal dysmotility disorder. Also known as cardia spasm and megaesophagus, it is a disease caused by esophageal neuromuscular dysfunction, which is mainly characterized by lack of peristalsis, high pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and a reduced relaxation response to swallowing movements. Clinical manifestations include dysphagia, food reflux and lower retrosternal discomfort or pain. It is a rare disease (estimated at only about 1 in 100,000 people) and can occur at any age, but is most common in the 20-39 year old age group. The disease is rare in children and occurs in approximately equal numbers of men and women, and is more common in Europe and North America. The etiology of the disease is unknown to date, and most patients have a slow onset of symptoms that are not obvious at the time of onset, with intermittent episodes. The sudden onset of the disease is often associated with mood swings. The disease has the following main symptoms: ① Dysphagia is the most prominent manifestation of the disease. The degree often varies. ②Vomiting is often related to the change of position, especially at night due to reflux leading to aspiration, accounting for 60% to 90% of the total; ③Posterior sternal pain is common in young people, often occurs after eating, and often forces the patient to stop eating; ④Other symptoms some patients may have heartburn symptoms, mostly occurring in the early stage of the disease and before the dysphagia. Early stage of the disease and before swallowing difficulties. Patients can develop recurrent respiratory infections and pneumonia due to aspiration. In severe cases and with a long course of disease, weight loss may occur, but malnutrition is generally not severe.