Esophageal achalasia, also known as cardia spasm and megaesophagus, is a functional disease of the esophagus due to neuromuscular dysfunction in the cardia of the esophagus. It is mainly characterized by lack of peristalsis, high pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and a reduced relaxation response to swallowing movements. Clinical manifestations include dysphagia, retrosternal pain, food reflux, and cough and lung infection due to aspiration of food into the trachea. The etiology of pancreatic dyskinesia is unknown to date. It is generally believed to be due to neuromuscular dysfunction. The main manifestations are: 1. Painless dysphagia is the most common and earliest symptom of the disease. It can be triggered by mood swings, anger, apprehension, shock or eating cold and spicy foods, and is sometimes mild or severe; 2. Patients may have recurrent episodes of pneumonia, bronchitis, or even bronchiectasis or lung abscess due to food reflux and aspiration; 3. Some patients have symptoms of pain, which vary in nature and can be boring, burning, pinching, cutting or cone pain. The pain site is mostly in the posterior sternum and upper middle abdomen; it can also be in the back of the chest, the right side of the chest, the right sternal margin, and the left quarter rib area. The pain attacks sometimes resemble angina pectoris and can even be relieved by sublingual nitroglycerin tablets; 4. Weight loss. Diagnosis mainly relies on: 1, barium esophagogram, barium swallowing examination shows dilated esophagus, weakened esophageal peristalsis, stenosis of the end of the esophagus in the shape of a bird’s beak, smooth mucosa at the stenosis, which is typical of patients with pancreatic dystocia; 2, should explain the condition, stabilize emotions, chew slowly, and take sedative and antispasmodic drugs, such as nitroglycerin; 3, endoscopic balloon dilation; 4, laparoscopic myotomy of the cardia ( Heller procedure), which is currently the most commonly used procedure with definite results, along with fundoplication to prevent reflux; . Esophageal kinetic testing, i.e. esophageal high-resolution manometry; 5. Gastroscopy to exclude organic strictures or tumors. Treatment: The best result is laparoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy with simultaneous fundoplication to prevent the occurrence of reflux, which is less invasive, faster recovery and more effective.