”With the arrival of winter, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have entered the peak season, and patients with these diseases should pay more attention to strengthen self-care and prevention. Cardiovascular diseases have the characteristics of “high incidence, high recurrence rate, high death rate, high disability rate and many complications”, and winter is the season with the most incidence and recurrence. This is because of the lower temperature in winter, the human metabolism is slow, the human blood vessels will be stimulated by cold air, sudden contraction, easy to lead to vascular blockage, blood supply interruption, blood flow is blocked, thus triggering the attack and recurrence of cardiovascular disease, so we say winter is the “eventful time” of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, in winter, we should pay more attention to keep warm, avoid going to and from places with large temperature differences, eat reasonably, stop smoking and limit alcohol, keep a calm mind, and avoid emotional tension and excitement. Because the above-mentioned behaviors will often cause a faster heartbeat, higher blood pressure, vascular spasm, aggravating the condition of patients with cardiovascular disease, and in more serious cases, sometimes lead to lethal arrhythmia, causing cardiac arrest. So, once the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease outbreak how to save themselves? 1, syncope: no special symptoms before the attack, or feel dizzy, nausea, soon black in front of the eyes, the whole body weakness and collapse. At this time, do not move the patient at will, quickly let the patient lie down, the head can be slightly lowered and tilted to the side. If the patient has dizziness and panic during the attack, he or she must stop immediately and sit down nearby. to avoid falling after losing consciousness. 2, heart attack: in case of a sudden heart attack, let the patient rest immediately and help them in the least painful position, do not just move, and quickly call the emergency number. Unbuckle the collar and belt, keep the patient calm, and oxygen can be administered when available. Take nitroglycerin or quick-acting heart pills under the tongue for 1-2 minutes to take effect. If the symptoms are not relieved, you can take another one after 5 minutes. If the medication is not effective and the symptoms are worsening, myocardial infarction can be suspected and the consciousness, respiratory and circulatory signs should be closely observed. Never wait for the onset of the disease at night and then go to the doctor at dawn. 3, cerebrovascular disease: disease attacks are usually accompanied by headache, vomiting, impaired consciousness, motor and speech impairment, etc. At this time, early identification of early signs of cerebrovascular accidents and timely call for emergency medical services. Place the casualty in a comfortable position, (head slightly elevated or semi-recumbent), and ask the casualty not to move. Keep the airway open with the head tilted to the side to prevent accidental aspiration of vomit and clean up the vomit. As the patient’s pharynx may be paralyzed, swallowing should be restricted and diet should be limited. Move the patient smoothly on a stretcher with as little vibration as possible to prevent bumps. Because you cannot tell whether it is a cerebral hemorrhage or a cerebral infarction, do not blindly administer medication at home. You can take the patient’s blood pressure so that you can inform the emergency personnel when they arrive. In rare cases, we may encounter a patient in cardiac arrest, if you master the basic knowledge of CPR, it is possible to save a life, unassisted cardiac compressions and artificial respiration in Europe and the United States among the general public is very high, but the general public in our country can master very little, if you are interested in the network to learn.