How much do you know about upper gastrointestinal polyps?

  Basic overview】Polyp in the upper gastrointestinal tract is a limited benign elevated lesion in the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract. There are single and multiple polyps, and the etiology is unknown. Gastric polyps can be divided into proliferative and adenomatous pathology, the latter has a higher rate of cancer (30%-58.3%), especially those with tumor diameter greater than 2 cm, villous adenoma, heterogeneous hyperplasia degree III have a higher rate of malignant transformation, so biopsy to identify and determine the clinical treatment plan. The disease is mostly asymptomatic in its early stages or in the absence of complications. When symptoms appear, they often manifest as vague pain, abdominal distension and discomfort in the upper abdomen, and in a few cases, nausea, vomiting, or even bleeding and obstruction may occur.  【Treatment plan】The endoscopic resection treatment of polyps is simple, less damaging and less expensive, and is the treatment of choice for gastric polyps, mainly high-frequency electric trap resection method, argon ion coagulation (APC) and so on. Regular follow-up by endoscopy can also detect the recurrence of polyps and give timely treatment to prevent cancer. For polyp lesions that are difficult to be resected endoscopically or are suspected to be cancerous, surgery is required.  Preoperative preparation】Improve relevant examinations, sign the informed consent for treatment before surgery, and understand the purpose and complications of endoscopic polypectomy. Patients should fast for 12 hours and abstain from water for 6 hours before surgery, and lidocaine syrup should be taken 5 minutes before surgery.  Postoperative treatment】Postoperative fasting should be followed by water fasting, and the transition from liquid food to semi-liquid food should be made gradually after feeding. Give rehydration, application of acid suppression, mucosal protective agent and other drugs, and closely observe whether there is bleeding, perforation, infection, such as: fever, abdominal pain, blood in the stool, etc. The endoscopy was reviewed once in the first, sixth and twelfth months after surgery, and once a year for the next five years.