Definition of short stature】 Short stature refers to individuals of the same race, sex and age whose height is lower than the average height of the normal population by 2 standard deviations (-2SD) or lower than the 3rd percentile (-1.88SD) in a similar living environment, some of which are normal physiological variants. Differential diagnosis】 Based on the medical history and physical examination, it is easy to identify the short stature caused by malnutrition, psychosomatic family idiopathic short stature, small for gestational age, chronic systemic diseases, etc. The common causes of short stature should be identified, such as: chondrodysplasia, hypothyroidism, delayed somatic puberty development; clinical attention should also be paid to certain The possibility of certain syndromes, such as Prader-Willi syndrome, Silver-Russeli syndrome, Noonan syndrome, etc., should be noted. The treatment for children with short stature depends on the cause of the disease. After the related factors are eliminated, the height growth rate of children with psychosomatic and renal tubular acidosis will be increased. 2.Growth hormone With the accumulation of experience in the clinical application of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), the number of diseases approved for treatment with rhGH has gradually increased. Prader-Willi syndrome (2000), small for gestational age (2001), and idiopathic short stature (2003). Since most children younger than gestational age show catch-up growth in the first 2-3 years of life and can reach a growth curve proportional to their target height, they should be regularly followed up and observed. In 2003, the FDA approved the use of GH for idiopathic short stature, i.e.: (i) those with unknown causes of non-GH deficiency; (ii) those whose height is lower than the normal reference value of 2.25 SD or more for children of the same sex and age; and (iii) those who are expected to have a lifetime height of -2SDS or less in adulthood. (1) Dosage form Domestic options include rhGH powder and water, with the latter having a slightly better growth effect. (2) Dose The dose of growth hormone has a wide range and should be individually adjusted according to the need and the observed efficacy. At present, the commonly used dose in China is 0.1-0.15IU/kg・d, 0.23-0.35mg/kg per week; for children with pubertal development, children with Turner, children younger than fetal age, children with idiopathic short stature and some children with partial growth hormone deficiency, the applied dose is 0.15-0.20IU/(K.d), 0.35-0.46(J.K) per week (Note: WHO labeled growth hormone 1J=30). WHO labeled growth hormone 1J=30U) (3) Usage: 1 subcutaneous injection every night before bedtime, the common injection site is the outer and anterior side of the middle 1/2 of the thigh, the injection site should be changed for each injection to avoid repetition within a short period of time which may lead to degeneration of the subcutaneous tissue. (4) Course of treatment: The course of growth hormone treatment for short stature depends on the need, usually should not be shorter than 1-2 years, too short when the child’s benefit to its lifelong high role.