With the improvement of living standards, the average height of our youth is also gradually increasing, and parents expect their children’s height to be “higher and higher”. However, childhood dwarfism is still another major health hazard for children after obesity and early maturity. The well-known dwarf is a form of dwarfism. Generally speaking, dwarfism is diagnosed if the patient’s height is more than two standard deviations or below the third percentile of the average height of people of the same race, sex and age in a similar environment. Parents can determine whether their child is predisposed to dwarfism by their child’s annual growth rate. Under normal circumstances, the height of infants and children under 3 years old grows 7 cm per year; from 3 years old to before puberty, the growth rate is 3-5 cm per year; during puberty, the growth rate can be 6-10 cm/year. Parents should grasp the basic growth pattern of their children, record their height in detail every year, and if they find that the growth rate of their children is lower than 4 to 5 cm/year, then they should be promptly diagnosed and treated. Children with short stature are often teased and teased, thus making them introverted, self-absorbed or even depressed, which affects their studies, friendships and employment. Some children with short stature are often considered as “late growers”, so they blindly wait for the best treatment period; some parents think that their children’s slow growth is due to insufficient nutrition and use health supplements at will. Some parents think that their children’s slow growth is due to nutritional deficiencies and use health supplements at will, not knowing that some health supplements can cause the epiphysis to close early, which can prevent children from reaching their target height eventually. In fact, with the development of medicine, childhood dwarfism can be treated. There are many causes of childhood dwarfism, and the common causes include: 1. lack of growth hormone or insufficient secretion of growth hormone, resulting in normal height growth (usually referred to as dwarfism), without growth hormone replacement therapy, the final height can only reach about 130 cm 2. precocious puberty children are usually short. 3. 1/3 of children with intrauterine growth retardation are short in stature as adults. 4.Low thyroid function. 5. Familial short stature. 6. Other diseases, such as congenital ovarian hypoplasia, certain metabolic diseases (such as congenital chondrodysplasia, renal tubular acidosis, etc.) and certain chronic diseases and malnutrition, etc. Except for familial hereditary dwarfism, which is mostly caused by diseases, especially dwarfism caused by endocrine diseases, accounting for more than 50% of clinical dwarfism patients, the most common of which is pituitary secretion growth hormone disorder. Growth hormone is the most important hormone that promotes the growth of bones and organs after birth, and its deficiency will directly affect the growth and development of children. Different treatment methods are available for different causes, so it is necessary to investigate the causes and make a correct diagnosis in the endocrinology department of a regular hospital before treatment, and only by prescribing the right medicine can we obtain good results.