Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, as the name implies, occurs mainly in adolescents. The Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) classifies idiopathic scoliosis into infantile (0 to 2 years and 11 months), juvenile (3 years to 9 years and 11 months), adolescent (10 years to 17 years and 11 months), and adult (>18 years) according to the age of the patient at the time of diagnosis; Lenke, based on the old King Lenke proposed a more comprehensive Lenke typing of idiopathic scoliosis based on the old King typing, which guides treatment in clinical practice; in general, structural bends less than 20° can be clinically observed without special treatment, but x-rays should be reviewed regularly to prevent scoliosis from worsening, and scoliosis orthopedic braces can be used selectively for 20° to 40°, and the boston brace, which is common in clinical practice, is more than 40°. Structural scoliosis, which affects the patient’s appearance or affects the thorax, breathing (especially the main thoracic bend), requires orthopedic surgery; in general, girls who undergo orthopedic surgery is best performed after the onset of menstruation, because the epiphysis has healed, the scoliosis aggravated by the “curvature phenomenon”, the curvature phenomenon refers to immature scoliosis patients. After the posterior spine is fused with instruments or implants, the spine continues to grow and develop and the spine rotates, causing the trunk to twist, mainly due to pressure imbalance on both sides of the spine to rotate on one side as the axis. Therefore, the timing of scoliosis orthopedic surgery is very important; we found through follow-up that orthopedic treatment with bracing for patients with mild scoliosis deformity from 20° to 40° can achieve more satisfactory clinical results and slow down the aggravation of scoliosis, but if the scoliosis is above 40°, surgery is recommended, and the surgical approach is based on Lenke’s staging to determine how to segment.