First of all, we should find the cause of optic nerve atrophy, and then treat it symptomatically. If optic nerve atrophy is caused by glaucoma with high intraocular pressure for a long time, it is necessary to actively lower the intraocular pressure treatment is the first task. If the optic nerve atrophy is caused by high IOP for a long time, it is necessary to actively lower the IOP as the first priority. While lowering the IOP, neurotrophic drugs should be used to protect the damaged optic nerve. If the optic nerve atrophy is due to the blockage of the central retinal artery, rapid thrombolysis is needed to unblock the retinal vessels, and systemic application of drugs to dilate blood vessels and improve microcirculation. If the optic nerve atrophy is due to tumor compression, medication or surgery is required depending on the location, size and nature of the mass. If the optic nerve atrophy is due to a fracture of the optic canal, high-dose hormone shock therapy is required, and optic canal decompression is needed if necessary. In conclusion, optic nerve atrophy should be detected and treated early, otherwise it will easily lead to irreversible damage.