Diffuse toxic goiter, also known as Graves’ disease, is an autoimmune thyroid disease. Treatment includes antithyroid medication, iodine 131 treatment and surgery. 1. Antithyroid drugs: including thiourea and imidazole, thiourea drugs such as propylthiouracil, methylthiouracil, imidazole drugs such as carbimazole, methimazole and so on. The mechanism of action of anti-thyroid drugs is to inhibit the organicization of iodine and thyroid tyrosine coupling, reducing the synthesis of thyroid hormones. 2. Iodine 131 treatment: the mechanism of iodine 131 treatment is that iodine 131 releases β-rays in the process of decay, and β-rays have strong ionizing radiation ability, which makes part of the thyroid follicular cells degenerate and necrosis, and the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones decrease, and the volume of thyroid gland is reduced, so that the therapeutic purpose can be achieved. 3. Surgery: The main surgical procedures are subtotal resection or total resection. Surgery has a high cure rate for this disease, and the recurrence rate after total resection is almost 0, while the unrelieved rate or recurrence rate of persistent hyperthyroidism 5 years after subtotal resection is only 8%. Patients with diffuse toxic goiter need to be treated as prescribed.