Pathological examination has a special value in medical diagnosis, the diagnosis of many diseases is the gold standard, such as neoplastic diseases, hematological diseases, connective tissue diseases, etc., for kidney disease, more multifaceted significance, as follows: 1, to help confirm the diagnosis: many kidney disease, clinical manifestations vary greatly, that is, the absence of common clinical manifestations, and the emergence of rare clinical manifestations, or even make it difficult to think of manifestations, so that clinical The diagnosis is very difficult for the physician. For example, connective tissue diseases include lupus nephritis, dry syndrome, etc. Special kidney diseases such as thin basement membrane nephropathy, fibrin nephropathy, obesity-related nephropathy, chronic interstitial nephritis, etc. These kidney diseases can be diagnosed by kidney biopsy. 2, to help determine the treatment plan: the same chronic nephritis or nephrotic syndrome, different pathological types, its severity is different, the response to immunosuppressive therapy is also different, that is, the doctor needs to guide its pathological type, in order to determine the treatment plan with purpose and target (of course, also combined with clinical manifestations such as creatinine level, blood pressure level, 24h urine protein level, etc.). 3, to help determine the prognosis: As mentioned earlier, the most important characteristics of kidney disease are more asymptomatic, large differences in performance, and inconsistency between clinical manifestations and actual pathological changes. Clinically, we can often see such patients who feel well, but incidental checkups reveal that creatinine level has been significantly elevated, while urinary routine can be abnormal; some patients are found to have mild abnormalities in urinary routine, and pathological examination results come out surprisingly: most glomeruli have been destroyed, etc.